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Outline
To evaluate and mitigate risks to the structure of a metro station in a cobble stratum under rising groundwater, this study utilized the finite element method to develop a two-dimensional numerical model of a representative cross-section based on a Beijing subway station project. The model reasonably incorporates strength degradation induced by soil wetting and comprehensively examines the structural internal forces, displacements, and evolution of plastic zones within the ground in response to scenarios of groundwater level rise in gravelly deposits. The simulation results show that the base slab, roof slab and sidewalls, as the enclosure structure, all exhibit increased compressive stress on their soil-facing surfaces. The base slab and roof slab bear the horizontal stress from the sidewalls, thereby offsetting part of the mid-span bending moment and reducing the tensile stress. The intermediate slab and the central column, as intermediate supporting members, continue to perform their supporting function effectively. Notably, the slab-column and slab-wall connections are regions of stress concentration and therefore require particular attention to prevent structural cracking or damage caused by excessive stress. In a cobble stratum, both the stratum and station experience uplift, with the station's uplift marginally surpassing the surrounding soil. Structural integrity remains unscathed without local deformation, thus indicating a relatively diminished risk of localized structural harm. The plastic zone is mainly concentrated in areas such as the bottom corners of the sidewalls and does not extend to the ground surface to form a rupture zone, indicating a low probability of overall instability.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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