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An integrated spatial finite element model of railbridgepier was developed and validated to investigate the effect of temperature on the interaction between bridges and rails, particularly focusing on smallradius curved bridges used by trams. This study compared and analyzed the bridgerail interaction laws between straight bridges and smallradius curved bridges. It specifically examined the additional expansion force of the rail, lateral forces at the top of bridge piers, and longitudinal forces under overall and local heating conditions. Under overall heating conditions, the research found that smallradius curved bridges experience greater lateral displacement of the steel rail and higher lateral forces at the top of bridge piers compared to straight bridges. Moreover, as the bridge temperature increased, the additional expansion force of the rail also increased. Calculations using overall heating conditions resulted in larger expansion forces and longitudinal forces on the top of piers compared to local heating conditions. Based on these findings, three different fastener arrangement schemes were proposed and evaluated. It was observed that fasteners with lower resistance could effectively reduce the additional expansion force of the rail. However, insufficient longitudinal resistance might increase the risk of rail joint fractures. In conclusion, the study provides valuable insights for designing continuously welded rails on smallradius curved bridges for tram systems, offering guidance on optimizing fastener arrangements to mitigate rail expansion effects while ensuring structural integrity.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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