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Studying the distribution characteristics and mechanisms of urban rail transit accidents is important for ensuring operational safety and formulating safety control measures. This study statistically analyzes 425 local and international urban rail transit operation accidents from 1970 to 2022 and compares and analyzes the causes and time distribution characteristics of operation accidents. Based on the cause mechanism and principal component analysis method, a safety evaluation system for urban rail transit operations was constructed, and a combined weight evaluation method based on game theory was proposed. Taking the data of 274 operational accidents in China from 1990 to 2022 as an example, combined with expert scoring, the safety status of urban rail transit operations in China was analyzed from a macro perspective. The results indicated that the factors causing operational accidents included personnel, equipment, and environmental factors. Among them, domestic and foreign operational accidents caused by equipment accounted for the highest proportion of accidents, accounting for 56% and 65% respectively. January, March, July, August, and December were the months with frequent accidents, which were the same as the peak months of passenger flow. The combination weighting method not only considers the amount of information in objective statistical data but also combines the experience accumulation of subjective experts, which makes the evaluation results closer to the actual operation situation and proves the feasibility of the evaluation method.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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