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To investigate the diffusion mechanism of backfill grouting slurry in metro tunnels under different working conditions during the operation period, a mathematical model of the diffusion process was derived based on the physical processes involved in grouting. A threedimensional numerical simulation program, developed using the finite element method (FEM) and the volume of fluid (VOF) method, was applied. Using an actual project during the operation period as a case study, the diffusion behavior of backfill grouting in metro tunnels under different soil conditions was simulated, and the rationality of the numerical simulation results was validated through laboratory model tests. The results indicate that in hard soils, the slurry predominantly fractures in a direction perpendicular to the lining structure, making it difficult to form a large closed reinforcement area behind the lining. In contrast, in soft soils, as the grouting pressure increases, the slurry gradually spreads along the interface between the tunnel and the soil. Upon completion of grouting, the slurry forms a uniformly distributed closed reinforcement along the tunnel wall. The consistency between the model test and numerical simulation trends confirms the reliability of the grouting diffusion mechanism behind the tunnel wall.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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