Full
Outline
To evaluate the threat posed by groundwater level fluctuations to the structural safety of subway systems, a dynamic early warning system for anti-floating failure of subway structures was developed. Taking the Beijing subway as an example, its structural types and geological environment characteristics were systematically analyzed. Station structures were classified into four categories based on burial depth and geological conditions, and section tunnels were further subdivided into eight categories based on excavation methods. Representative standard cross-sections from each category were selected as the basis for numerical modeling. Utilizing the suction stress-based effective stress principle and the Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model, a hydro-mechanical coupling numerical model was established to systematically simulate the stress and deformation responses of subway structures under various hydrological conditions, and a numerical simulation database covering multiple working conditions was constructed. By quantitatively evaluating the stability of subway structures under different hydrological conditions, structural internal forces, displacement, bearing capacity, and maximum crack width were selected as four early warning indicators. The contribution of each indicator to anti-floating failure was analyzed. Combining expert scoring data, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was used to determine the indicator weights, thereby constructing a dynamic early warning system for anti-floating failure of subway structures. The results show that the established database can effectively reveal the mechanism of ground bearing capacity weakening caused by rising water levels. Moreover, the proposed early warning system achieves accurate stability assessments and risk warning, while implementing water discharge and pressure reduction as primary control measures significantly enhances its real-time performance and engineering applicability. This study provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the safe operation and maintenance of underground structures such as subways under changing hydrological conditions.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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