To address the core problems of difficult evaluation of photovoltaic (PV) absorption and the poor alignment between energy storage (ES) configuration and life-cycle benefit maximization after integrating PV-storage hybrid systems into urban rail transit, this study first simulates the dynamic fluctuation characteristics of traction loads and the hourly PV power output characteristics throughout the year. On this basis, a multi-dimensional mathematical model incorporating PV characteristics, ES operation strategies, and life-cycle benefits is constructed. The model is then used to systematically analyze the annual PV absorption level, optimal ES capacity configuration, and ES charging and discharging strategy design, and proposes an optimal configuration scheme for urban rail transit PV-storage hybrid systems that accounts for time-of-use (TOU) electricity prices. The results indicate the following: Accurate assessment of PV absorption requires analyzing annual PV generation characteristics and load variation patterns; ES capacity selection should integrate PV absorption rate, investment payback period, and annual average benefits to minimize the static investment payback period while improving PV absorption, thereby achieving full-life-cycle profitability; the design of ES charging and discharging strategies needs to fully consider annual TOU electricity price differences, maximizing the use of peak-to-off-peak price spreads to enhance benefits. This research method provides a reference for the scientific planning and implementation of PV-ES integrated projects in urban rail transit.

urban rail transit  /  PV-energy storage integration  /  PV consumption rate  /  time-of-use electricity prices  /  control scheme  /  economic analysis