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Rail vehicles may experience abnormal vibrations, noise, and structural fatigue failure because of the unreasonable modal mismatch between an entire vehicle, equipment, and bogie. To investigate the modal parameters of bogies, experimental and simulation analyses were conducted. Initially, a modal identification method was employed, utilizing the running state environment as excitation. The crosscorrelation function of the structure's vibration response signal output was used to replace the frequency response function, in conjunction with the PolyMax modal identification method, to effectively identify modes that are easily excited during the structure's operation. Next, the effects of wheel turning and variations in vehicle load on the operating modes of the structure were examined to gain a comprehensive understanding of the bogie structure's modal parameters. Finally, a finite element simulation method was used to calculate the modal frequencies of the bogie structure in the free and constrained states. The results showed that wheel turning had little effect on the modal parameters of the structure. However, with increasing load, the modal frequencies at all orders generally increased. This was related to the increase in the air spring stiffness of the bogie owing to the increased vehicle load, even if the boundary constraint state of the structure changed. By comparing the test results with the simulation analysis results of the bogie structure in the free and constrained states, it was concluded that it is necessary to simulate the actual boundary constraint conditions as much as possible to ensure the accuracy of the finite element model. These findings can provide a reference for subsequent studies on modal mistuning designs.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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