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To investigate the sources and distribution patterns of PM2.5, PM10, and total suspended particulates (TSP) in subway stations, this study conducted particulate matter concentration tests at 11 stations along two subway lines in a city. The test areas included outdoor locations, station public areas, equipment management rooms, and corridors inside the platform end doors. The concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and TSP in each area were measured, and elemental analysis of the outdoor and platform particulates was performed. Subsequently, the distribution patterns of PM2.5, PM10, and TSP in various areas at different outdoor concentrations were analyzed. Based on the test results, suggestions for subway particulate matter prevention and control measures were proposed. The research revealed a significant increase in iron content in particulate matter within stations compared to outdoor areas. Particulate matter containing iron in subway stations often exhibits irregular sheetlike shapes, differing from those found outdoors, indicating that railwheel friction is the source of these particulates. When outdoor particulate matter concentration levels were low, the distribution patterns of particles of various sizes were similar, generally exhibiting higher concentrations in the tunnels than in the stations and outdoors. However, when outdoor particulate matter concentration levels were high, PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were higher in tunnels than in outdoor areas and stations. Regardless of outdoor particulate matter concentration, TSP concentrations in public areas and carriages were consistently higher than outdoors. These findings provide valuable insights for developing effective particulate matter prevention and control measures in subway systems.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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