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Geochronological and paleomagnetic constraints on the early Middle Permian Paleolatitude of the Lhasa block and its tectonic implications
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HangJun LI1, 2, 3, ZhenYu LI1, 2, *, Lin DING1, 2, 3, TengGe ZHAO1, 2, 3, Jing XIE1, 2, YaHui YUE1, 2
Progress in Geophysics | 2026, 41(1) : 54 - 82
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Progress in Geophysics | 2026, 41(1): 54-82
Geochronological and paleomagnetic constraints on the early Middle Permian Paleolatitude of the Lhasa block and its tectonic implications
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HangJun LI1, 2, 3, ZhenYu LI1, 2, *, Lin DING1, 2, 3, TengGe ZHAO1, 2, 3, Jing XIE1, 2, YaHui YUE1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
  • 2State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Beijing 100101, China
  • 3University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Published: 2026-02-20 doi: 10.6038/pg2026II0588
Outline
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A cast of east-west trending continental slivers, which were composed of the Cimmerian Supercontinent, including the Lhasa continental block, started to rift apart from the northern margin of Gondwana in the late Paleozoic. According to this comprehensive tectonic scenario, several points of view have been proposed on when and from which continent the Lhasa block rifted away from the northern margin of Gondwana over the past decades, however, the issue still remains controversial. To this end, in this study, we aim to provide quantitative constraints on this topic by employing isotope-based geochronological dating and paleomagnetic techniques. Through carrying out an integrated study including zircon U-Pb geochronology, paleomagnetism, petrography, and rock magnetism on the early Middle Permian Luobadui Formation basalts and andesitic basalts developed in and around the northwest part of the Linzhou County of south Xizang (i.e., Tibet), it reveals that the Luobadui Formation volcanics was formed at ca. 272 Ma (i.e., Guadalupian stage of Middle Permian). Based on rock magnetic results carried out by previous scholars and petrographic investigations performed in this study, it shows that the Luobadui Formation volcanic samples experienced low-grade metamorphism along margins of some rock-forming minerals like plagioclase, quartz. Typical accessory minerals like magnetite particles (is also a kind of iron-bearing oxides) distributed in Luobadui Formation volcanic rock samples was also impacted by this low-grade metamorphism. Rock magnetic data sets also suggest that the dominant remanence carriers in the Luobadui Formation volcanic rocks are pseudo-single domain (PSD) magnetite grains in this study. Statistical analysis on filtered characteristic remanent magnetizations from 21 paleomagnetic specimens of the Luobadui Formation volcanic rocks reveals that the Fisherian mean direction and associated parameters over the sampling unit of the Luobadui Formation volcanic rocks are Ds±ΔD=124.2°±8.8°, Is±ΔI=34.5°±7.2°, ks=20.3, α95 s=7.2° after bedding correction. Thus, based on already obtained statistical mean direction over the selected 21 samples of the Middle Permian Luobadui Formation volcanics, the paleomagnetic pole can be computed as λp=16.8°N, φp=325.5°E, K=20.7, A95=7.2°. The paleosecular variation has been adequately averaged out according to paleosecular variation (PSV) evaluation criteria in paleomagnetism for the sampled Luobadui Formation volcanics. Therefore, in combination of positive fold test results for the paleomagnetic data sets with rock magnetic and petrographic results, we believe that our obtained paleomagnetic results are primary origin. It can be calculated (reference site: 30.01°N, 90.99°E) that the Lhasa block was at 19.7°±7.2°S in southern hemisphere at ca. 272 Ma. In other words, the Lhasa block was still in middle-low latitude of southern hemisphere then. Combined with previously published results from the Lhasa block, we intend to think that the Lhasa continental block along with the Cimmerian supercontinent likely rifted away from northern periphery of Gondwana and started its long-lasting northward travel journey in early Permian or even much earlier period. Combined with previously published paleomagnetic and geological results, it shows that the total northward convergence is estimated as 1776±700 km of the Lhasa block travelling from low-middle latitude band of 19.7°±7.2°S at ca. 272 Ma to the equatorial area of 3.7°±3.4°S at ca. 180 Ma. This further indicates that the average motion rate of the Lhasa block was around 1.9 cm/a during the time period of 272~180 Ma. In other words, the Lhasa block likely rifted away from northern margin of Gondwana in Early Permian and immediately started its northward drift and motion journey.

Qinghai-Xizang Plateau  /  Lhasa block  /  Middle Permian  /  Paleolatitude  /  Neo-Tethys Ocean
李杭峻, 李震宇, 丁林, 赵腾格, 谢静, 岳雅慧. 拉萨地块中二叠世早期古纬度精确限定及其大地构造意义. 地球物理学进展, 2026 , 41 (1) : 54 -82 . DOI: 10.6038/pg2026II0588
HangJun LI, ZhenYu LI, Lin DING, TengGe ZHAO, Jing XIE, YaHui YUE. Geochronological and paleomagnetic constraints on the early Middle Permian Paleolatitude of the Lhasa block and its tectonic implications[J]. Progress in Geophysics, 2026 , 41 (1) : 54 -82 . DOI: 10.6038/pg2026II0588
Year 2026 volume 41 Issue 1
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doi: 10.6038/pg2026II0588
  • Receive Date:2025-04-18
  • Online Date:2026-09-23
  • Published:2026-02-20
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  • Received:2025-04-18
  • Revised:2025-11-12
Affiliations
    1Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    2State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Beijing 100101, China
    3University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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