Large-scale electric vehicles are connected to the park integrated energy system (PIES), in order to improve the energy utilization rate, reduce the pressure on the park’s power grid, and realize low-carbon operation, this paper proposes a two-tier low-carbon optimized operation strategy that combines electric vehicles and efficient hydrogen use. Firstly, the disordered charging of the electric vehicles is simulated based on the spatio-temporal feature correlation, on the basis of which real-time tariffs are utilized to guide the electric vehicles for orderly charging. Combining the improved power-to-gas (P2G) two-phase technology, the park participates in the carbon trading market. The laddering carbon trading mechanism is introduced to minimize the system’s cost of purchasing energy, the cost of carbon trading, and the cost of abandoning the wind as a target function. The improved whale optimization algorithm (IWOA) is adopted for solving the problem. Finally, the scenarios are compared to verify the economy and environmental benefits of the two-tier optimal scheduling strategy proposed in this paper.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |