The microgrid is an important part of the new power system. The energy coordination and interaction between microgrids is conducive to the consumption of new energy and improving the economy of the group. An energy collaborative optimization method considering demand response and carbon trading is proposed for multi-microgrid systems. Firstly, the framework of multi-microgrid energy collaborative optimization is constructed. Then, the internal resources of the microgrid are modeled, and demand response and carbon trading mechanisms are added on the original basis. Then, the objective function of energy coordination between single microgrid and multi-microgrid is constructed, and the improved beluga whale optimization is used to solve it. Finally, based on the simulation, it is verified that the algorithm can effectively improve the economy of multi-microgrid system energy cooperative optimization, and provide certain reference for the actual coordinated optimization operation of multi-microgrid.