The safe and efficient operation of lithium batteries depends on accurate state of charge (SOC) estimation. However,the traditional battery model and SOC estimation have poor robustness and reliability under noise interference. Aiming at the problem of SOC cooperative estimation under noise interference,firstly,the maximum available capacity and open circuit voltage (OCV) characteristics of the battery were analyzed,and the curve characteristics of lithium battery SOC—OCV were studied. Then,the problem of online model parameter identification and SOC estimation under noise interference was studied,and a two-swarm cooperative particle swarm optimization (TCPSO) method based on adaptive dynamic sliding window was proposed. Experimental results show that the maximum SOC estimation error of the proposed method is less than 1%,which shows that the proposed method can realize online parameter identification,and it is superior to the existing collaborative estimation methods in terms of anti-noise performance and SOC estimation accuracy.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |