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Adapter separation is a critical phase during the launch tube ejection process of cold-launch missiles. Its operational state influences relative positional relationships between adapter groups, as well as between adapters and the missile itself, directly impacting launch safety. Despite its importance, systematic studies on modeling the separation process and quantifying its states remain underdeveloped. This study aims to investigate the separation time and velocity of the adapter by adopting a method that combines numerical calculation, dynamic simulation, and experimental data comparison to analyze the separation process and force conditions. By establishing theoretical models for the separation process, the Runge-Kutta numerical algorithm is applied to derive solutions for separation time and lateral velocity. Dynamic simulations are further conducted to replicate the separation behavior, while experimental data analysis interpreting real-world conditions. Results demonstrate strong agreement between numerically calculated separation times/lateral velocities, simulation outputs, and experimental measurements, validating the feasibility of theoretical framework. Building on this foundation, the effects of critical parameters are explored—including angle of attack, lateral wind speed, and initial installation force of the pin assembly spring—on separation time and lateral velocity. Key influencing factors are identified, providing actionable insights for optimizing adapter design in cold-launch systems.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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