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Challenges and Key Technical Issues in the Development of Nuclear Thermal Rockets
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Shengbao WU1, 2, Yuxing HAO1, 2, Yang LI1, 2, Xu WANG1, 2, Liqiang AI1, 2
Missiles and Space Vehicles | 2026, 49(2) : 1 - 13
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Missiles and Space Vehicles | 2026, 49(2): 1-13
• Special Contribution •
Challenges and Key Technical Issues in the Development of Nuclear Thermal Rockets
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Shengbao WU1, 2, Yuxing HAO1, 2, Yang LI1, 2, Xu WANG1, 2, Liqiang AI1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.R&D Department, China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing, 100076
  • 2.National Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Reusable Aerospace Transportation Technology, Changsha, 410073
Published: 2026-04-25 doi: 10.7654/j.issn.2097-1974.20260201
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Nuclear thermal rockets, as a revolutionary potential space luanch vehicle, have the capability to significantly reduce the scale of space transportation missions or enhance transportation capacity. The historical research of nuclear thermal propulsion (NTP) technology in the United States and Russia (The Soviet Union) is reviewed, the development challenges of nuclear thermal rocket are analysed. By proposing feasible lunar return missions and manned Mars exploration transportation tasks for nuclear thermal rocket, the study examines key technological challenges form an engineering application perspective, including optimization of overall parameters, high-power thermal propulsion, nuclear safety design and protection. At the end of the research, it is suggested to strengthen the research and development of key nuclear thermal rocket technologies and promote the construction of non nuclear and nuclear testing capabilities.

nuclear thermal rocket  /  nuclear thermal propulsion  /  nuclear reactor  /  nuclear safety  /  space transportation
Shengbao WU, Yuxing HAO, Yang LI, Xu WANG, Liqiang AI. Challenges and Key Technical Issues in the Development of Nuclear Thermal Rockets[J]. Missiles and Space Vehicles, 2026 , 49 (2) : 1 -13 . DOI: 10.7654/j.issn.2097-1974.20260201
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Article Info
doi: 10.7654/j.issn.2097-1974.20260201
  • Receive Date：2025-10-27
  • Online Date：2026-05-12
  • Published：2026-04-25
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History
  • Received：2025-10-27
  • Revised：2026-03-08
Affiliations
    1.R&D Department, China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology, Beijing, 100076
    2.National Key Laboratory of High-efficiency Reusable Aerospace Transportation Technology, Changsha, 410073
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Citations
表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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