Based on the barometric effect analysis of the observed cave strain data from five observation stations on the periphery of the eastern Dabie orogenic belt, we find that: 1) The correlation between the observed cave strain and barometric pressure and earth tide is weak for the low frequency domain, the correlation between any two of the three is obvious for the middle frequency domain, while the correlation between the cave strain and barometric pressure for the high frequency domain is less than that for the middle frequency domain, but it increases exponentially with the increase of frequency. The response of cave strain to barometric pressure is prominent for the middle frequency domain. 2) During the nine short-period pressure fluctuation events from 2019 to 2022, the cave strain shows similar characteristics to the barometric pressure change for time domain, frequency domain, change pattern and spatial propagation direction. 3) Combining the different bedrock lithology, covering thickness and topographic characteristics of the five observation stations, we consider that the bedrock of Macheng station is complete and deep, so the barometric pressure response amplitude of Macheng station is the most significant and the average pressure coefficient is the largest, indicating that the rock mass elasticity of its covering layer is good. On the contrary, Jinzhai station's lithology is gneiss, the surface layer is relatively broken, so its barometric pressure response amplitude is the smallest, indicating that the overburden rock mass elasticity is poor.