Full
Outline
Conventional InSAR monitoring can only obtain one-dimensional deformation along the line-of-sight (LOS) direction, making it difficult to directly invert the three-dimensional movement mechanism of landslides. Moreover, the quantitative relationship between deformation time series and triggering factors such as rainfall remains unclear. To address this, we take the Nuole landslide as an example. By introducing the surface parallel flow(SPF) model, which is suitable for landslides whose movement direction is controlled by topography, as a constraint and integrating ascending and descending time-series InSAR observations, we successfully derived a high-precision three-dimensional deformation field. The results reveal that the landslide exhibits composite movement characteristics in the westward, northward, and downward directions, with westward motion being dominant at a maximum deformation rate of -140 mm/a. Furthermore, variational mode decomposition (VMD) was applied to accurately extract periodic signals from the deformation time series, and wavelet analysis was employed to quantify the triggering effect of rainfall on deformation. The study identified a significant common annual oscillation period between deformation and rainfall, with periodic deformation lagging behind rainfall by approximately one-quarter of the period (about 3 months). This lag period reflects the complete physical process of rainfall infiltration, slip-zone softening, and deformation response. The study provides an effective approach for quantitative analysis of the three-dimensional movement mechanism of landslides and rainfall-induced triggering mechanism.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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