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Characteristics of Co-Seismic Ionospheric Disturbance Propagation between the Noto Peninsula and Hualien Earthquakes
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Hanying XU1, 2, Ting ZHANG1, 2, *, Yunbin YUAN1, Min LI1, Wenyao ZHANG1, 2
Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics | 2026, 46(3) : 375 - 384
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Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics | 2026, 46(3): 375-384
Characteristics of Co-Seismic Ionospheric Disturbance Propagation between the Noto Peninsula and Hualien Earthquakes
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Hanying XU1, 2, Ting ZHANG1, 2, *, Yunbin YUAN1, Min LI1, Wenyao ZHANG1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1 State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS, Wuhan 430077, China
  • 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Published: 2026-03-15 doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2025.03.099
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Based on the GNSS earth observation network system (GEONET) in Japan and the Taiwan geophysical network for seismology (TGNS) in China, this paper investigates the propagation characteristics of co-seismic ionospheric disturbance(CsIDs) triggered by the 1 January 2024 Noto Peninsula MW7.5 earthquake in Japan and the 2 April 2024 Hualien MW7.4 earthquake in Taiwan, China. Meanwhile, the reasons for the anisotropy of the CsIDs produced by the two earthquakes are discussed. The results show that: 1) For the Noto Peninsula earthquake, the seismically excited acoustic waves propagated to the height of the F2 layer of the ionosphere within 8 to 9 minutes, and the triggered CsIDs propagated to the southeast of the epicenter at a speed of ~0.89 km/s, with a maximum amplitude of 0.768 TECu. The 2-minute rate of TEC index (ROTI) maps show higher sensitivity than the 2D-filtered TEC maps. 2) The CsIDs of the Hualien earthquake were also excited by acoustic waves and reached the height of the F2 layer of the ionosphere after ~8 minutes, with a maximum amplitude close to 0.4 TECu. 3) The propagation direction of the CsIDs triggered by the Noto Peninsula earthquake was strongly linked to the geomagnetic field, whereas those triggered by the Hualien earthquake were influenced by both the source mechanism and the geomagnetic field.

GNSS  /  total electron content  /  earthquakes  /  co-seismic ionospheric disturbance (CsIDs)
徐涵滢, 张亭, 袁运斌, 李敏, 张文尧. 能登半岛与花莲地震同震电离层扰动传播特性分析. 大地测量与地球动力学, 2026 , 46 (3) : 375 -384 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2025.03.099
Hanying XU, Ting ZHANG, Yunbin YUAN, Min LI, Wenyao ZHANG. Characteristics of Co-Seismic Ionospheric Disturbance Propagation between the Noto Peninsula and Hualien Earthquakes[J]. Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2026 , 46 (3) : 375 -384 . DOI: 10.14075/j.jgg.2025.03.099
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Year 2026 volume 46 Issue 3
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Article Info
doi: 10.14075/j.jgg.2025.03.099
  • Receive Date：2025-03-27
  • Online Date：2026-10-29
  • Published：2026-03-15
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  • Received：2025-03-27
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    1 State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS, Wuhan 430077, China
    2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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