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Outline
Accurate estimation of phase biases is an essential prerequisite for achieving PPP ambiguity resolution (AR). We focus on the estimation methods of observable-specific signal bias (OSB) and multi-frequency multi-GNSS PPP-AR technique, and conduct experimental analysis on the combined observations from GPS, Galileo and BDS at 30 MGEX stations during March 2024. The results show that the phase and pseudorange OSB have good stability, the STD of phase OSB in different systems is less than 0.05 ns, and the consistency of different types of inter-frequency phase and pseudorange OSB of each system is good. The wide-lane/narrow-lane ambiguity resolution rates reach 98.5%/96.7% for GPS, 99.3%/98.8% for Galileo, and 95.4%/94.9% for BDS. Compared with float solutions, the convergence times of triple-frequency PPP fixed solutions are reduced by 28.37% in kinematic scenario, shortened by 31.61% in static scenario. Under static condition, average single-day solution positioning accuracy in E, N and U directions improved by 24.91%(0.71 cm), 31.22%(0.50 cm), and 18.77%(1.10 cm), respectively, demonstrating significant enhancement in positioning performance.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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