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Outline
Elastocaloric refrigeration technology based on shape memory alloys offers high efficiency， energy saving， and environmental protection， making it an ideal alternative to the traditional vapor compression refrigeration technology. Among materials exhibiting the elastocaloric effect， NiTi-based shape memory alloys have become the most promising elastocaloric materials for both scientific research and engineering application， due to their excellent mechanical properties and elastocaloric performance. However， the challenges， such as large stress hysteresis， relatively high transformation stress， and limited cycling stability， hinder largely their commercial applications. This review discusses first the thermodynamic fundamentals and characterization methods of elastocaloric effect， followed by a summary of the recent advancements on enhancing the elastocaloric performance of NiTi alloys through mechanical processing， heat treatment， elemental doping， additive manufacturing， and strain glass， as well as the development of the elastocaloric refrigeration devices and prototypes based on NiTi alloys. Finally， this review discusses the research perspectives， such as the improvement of the material fatigue life， cycling stability and elastocaloric effect by doping elements， microstructure modulation， introduction of strain glass transition， and crystallographic compatibility adjustment； developing new NiTi-based or other alloys with small driving force and large elastocaloric effect； designing and optimizing the material structure to improve the heat transfer efficiency； designing new type of elastocaloric refrigeration devices with high cooling efficiency， long fatigue life， high adaptability of working conditions to broaden their application range.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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