Full
Outline
China’s medium- and long-term space science development program clearly puts forward the major tasks of rapidly promoting deep space exploration and accelerating the construction of a space power. The increasingly complex and extreme thermal environment in space imposes more stringent requirements on spacecraft thermal control systems. Conventional thermal control materials exhibit limited and static thermoregulatory properties， failing to meet evolving performance demands. In contrast， smart thermal control materials can dynamically modulate their physical characteristics in response to external stimuli， thereby enabling smart regulation of spacecraft heat dissipation and insulation capabilities， and significantly improving the precision and energy efficiency of thermal management systems. As a result， smart thermal control technology has emerged as a critical development direction for next-generation spacecraft thermal control systems. This review systematically outlines the research progress of typical smart thermal control materials， including thermochromic and electrochromic materials， their applications in space missions and the key challenges in this field. To enable the widespread application of smart thermal control coatings， future research work should be carried out in the AI-assisted material design， low-cost fabrication， failure analysis and life prediction under space environments， and system integration. These endeavors are of great significance for driving innovation in aerospace thermal control technology， accelerating the iterative upgrading of thermal management systems， and supporting the steady progression of national space strategy.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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