Full
Outline
MXene quantum dots （MQDs），with their excellent photovoltaic and surface-active properties，have shown good potential for application in multidisciplinary fields. In this paper，we systematically discuss MXene quantum dots （MQDs） from four dimensions： preparation process，application scenarios，technological bottlenecks and development paths. The process characteristics and applicability of top-down stripping and bottom-up synthesis are compared and analyzed. The innovative applications in the fields of energy storage and conversion，biosensing and molecular detection，precision medical intervention，environmental governance and information encryption are also discussed. In the future，machine learning-enabled reverse material design will accelerate the development of functionalized MQDs，defect engineering modulation and core-shell heterostructure construction are expected to break through the bottleneck of light absorption，the development of degradable bioelectronic devices will expand the boundaries of clinical applications，and the establishment of a standardized toxicity assessment system is a key prerequisite for medical translation. With the in-depth integration of the materials genome project and flexible electronics technology，MQDs are expected to catalyse subversive technological changes in the fields of intelligent sensing systems，individualized diagnostic and therapeutic devices，and human-machine interaction interfaces，and ultimately build a whole industry chain innovation ecology from basic materials innovation to terminal system integration.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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