Full
Outline
Mg-air batteries have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their outstanding advantages， including high theoretical energy density， excellent safety， low cost， and environmental friendliness. However， systematic reviews concerning aqueous Mg-air battery electrolytes remain relatively scarce. The Mg anode is prone to self-corrosion， discharge product accumulation， and severe block effect in aqueous environments. This results in low anode utilisation， suboptimal operating voltages， and pronounced voltage fluctuations， making the electrolyte a critical factor constraining the practical application of Mg-air batteries. To address this， this paper systematically reviews the fundamental properties and key influencing factors of aqueous Mg-air electrolytes， focusing on electrolyte system selection， interfacial control strategies， and additive mechanisms. The review covers the structural characteristics and applicability of chlorinated and chlorine-free near-neutral electrolytes， the regulatory roles of inorganic， organic， and composite additives， and the synergistic effects of anions at the electrolyte/anode interface. Finally， future development directions for aqueous Mg-air electrolytes are proposed， including in-depth understanding of interfacial regulation mechanisms， green design of electrolyte systems， and rapid formulation screening based on machine learning. This paper aims to provide reference for the research and application of high-performance Mg-air battery electrolytes.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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