To precisely control the thermally/stress-induced products in β-type titanium alloys and overcome the limitations of traditional design methods relying on parameters such as d-electron alloy theory and molybdenum equivalent, a design approach based on specific orientation moduli (Young’s modulus E100, tetragonal shear modulus C′, and shear modulus G111) is proposed. Three Ti-Mo-based multi-component alloys with significant twinning-induced plasticity(TWIP) effect, namely Ti-13.5Mo-3.6Nb(mass fraction/%, the same below), Ti-13Mo-4.5Nb-1.6Zr, and Ti-12.5Mo-6.5Nb-1.5Zr-0.9Al, are successfully designed. By means of optical microscopy(OM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and tensile testing, the cold workability, thermally-induced metastable phases, and stress-induced deformation modes of the designed alloys are systematically analyzed, and the regulation of specific orientation moduli on thermally/stress-induced products is investigated. The results show that all three designed alloys exhibit excellent cold workability with a cold working rate of over 90%, and the solution-treated microstructure consists of a β-phase matrix and trigonal thermally-induced ω-phase. Their yield strength ranges from 370 to 428 MPa, total elongation from 46% to 50%, and the deformation mode is dominated by {332}β〈113〉β twinning. The high Young’s modulus E100(22.9 GPa) of the three alloys completely suppresses the thermally/stress-induced α″-martensitic transformation; the low tetragonal shear modulus C′(7.8 GPa) facilitates {332}β〈113〉β twinning, resulting in a twin area fraction of 28.8%-30.1% at 5% deformation; the high shear modulus G111(10.6-10.7 GPa) inhibits the collapse process of the thermally-induced ω-phase, thereby maintaining the trigonal structure of the thermally-induced ω-phase. The design approach based on specific orientation moduli proposed in this study enables the efficient design of Ti-Mo-based multi-component TWIP titanium alloys, combining innovation and practicality. It provides a new pathway for the research and development of high-performance titanium alloys,and possesses broad engineering application prospects.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |