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Experimental study of anti-clogging nozzle in cold sprayed pure aluminum:from coating to additive manufacturing
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Chunjie HUANG1, 2, Sanrun HE1, Wenpeng WAN1, Filip WICK3, Levke WIEHLER2, Frank GÄRTNER2, Thomas KLASSEN2, Wenya LI1
Journal of Materials Engineering | 2025, 53(12) : 14 - 23
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Journal of Materials Engineering | 2025, 53(12): 14-23
• ADVANCED COLD SPRAYING TECHNOLOGY COLUMN •
Experimental study of anti-clogging nozzle in cold sprayed pure aluminum:from coating to additive manufacturing
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Chunjie HUANG1, 2, Sanrun HE1, Wenpeng WAN1, Filip WICK3, Levke WIEHLER2, Frank GÄRTNER2, Thomas KLASSEN2, Wenya LI1
Affiliations
  • 1.Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Friction Welding Technologies,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China
  • 2.Institute of Materials Technology,Helmut-Schmidt-University/University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg,Hamburg 22043,Germany
  • 3.Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,Czech Technical University,Prague 16000,The Czech Republic
Published: 2025-12-20 doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2025.000118
Outline
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The improved process combining a polybenzimidazole (PBI) polymer nozzle with axial center powder feeding is employed to study the nozzle clogging behavior and its impact on coating deposition. Multi-scale characterization of the coating morphology and microstructure is carried out using X-ray computed tomography(X-CT), optical microscopy, and electron backscatter diffraction. The results show that in the existing process, aluminum powder softening causes adhesion to the inner wall of the SiC nozzle, forming clogging materials. This leads to a powder agglomeration on the coating surface and a porosity of 0.32%. In contrast, the PBI nozzle, when used with the axial center feeding process, significantly reduces particle adhesion and forms a uniform gas-solid two-phase flow, enabling continuous and stable deposition. The resulting coating exhibits significant internal particle plastic deformation with the porosity reduced to 0.16%. Based on the optimized process, aluminum metal additive manufacturing experiments are carried out, achieving continuous spraying for 2 h without nozzle clogging and depositing a 38 mm thick coating on an aluminum alloy substrate. X-CT analysis indicates that there are no significant defects at the interface or within the deposit. The in-plane and out-of-plane tensile strengths of the deposit are about 180 MPa and 80 MPa, respectively, indicating significant anisotropy.

cold spraying  /  aluminum metal  /  nozzle clogging  /  microstructure and property  /  additive manu-facturing
黄春杰, 何三润, 万文鹏, WICK Filip, WIEHLER Levke, GÄRTNER Frank, KLASSEN Thomas, 李文亚. 冷喷涂纯铝抗堵嘴实验研究:从涂层到增材制造. 材料工程, 2025 , 53 (12) : 14 -23 . DOI: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2025.000118
Chunjie HUANG, Sanrun HE, Wenpeng WAN, Filip WICK, Levke WIEHLER, Frank GÄRTNER, Thomas KLASSEN, Wenya LI. Experimental study of anti-clogging nozzle in cold sprayed pure aluminum:from coating to additive manufacturing[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2025 , 53 (12) : 14 -23 . DOI: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2025.000118
Year 2025 volume 53 Issue 12
50
23
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Article Info
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2025.000118
  • Receive Date:2025-03-04
  • Online Date:2026-10-26
  • Published:2025-12-20
Article Data
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History
  • Received:2025-03-04
  • Accepted:2025-05-07
Funding
Affiliations
    1.Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Friction Welding Technologies,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China
    2.Institute of Materials Technology,Helmut-Schmidt-University/University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg,Hamburg 22043,Germany
    3.Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,Czech Technical University,Prague 16000,The Czech Republic
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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