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In situ characterization for additive manufacturing： applications of synchrotron-based ultrafast X-ray imaging and diffraction techniques
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Han WANG1, Dongsheng ZHANG2, Qian YANG1, Sen CHEN3, Yuxiao LI2, Bingbing ZHANG2, Wei LIU1
Journal of Materials Engineering | 2026, 54(1) : 13 - 29
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Journal of Materials Engineering | 2026, 54(1): 13-29
• APPLICATION OF NEUTRON AND SYNCHROTRON RADIATION LARGE-SCALE SCIENTIFIC FACILITIES IN MATERIALS RESEARCH COLUMN •
In situ characterization for additive manufacturing： applications of synchrotron-based ultrafast X-ray imaging and diffraction techniques
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Han WANG1, Dongsheng ZHANG2, Qian YANG1, Sen CHEN3, Yuxiao LI2, Bingbing ZHANG2, Wei LIU1
Affiliations
  • 1.3D Printing Research & Engineering Technology Center，AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials，Beijing 100095，China
  • 2.Institute of High Energy Physics，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China
  • 3.Institute of Fluid Physics，China Academy of Engineering Physics，Mianyang 621900，Sichuan，China
Published: 2026-01-20 doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2025.000500
Outline
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Synchrotron radiation technology serves as a “super microscope” for unveiling multi-scale physical metallurgy behaviors during additive manufacturing （AM）， providing groundbreaking research tools to decode the “black box” challenges inherent in AM processes. This paper review systematically summarizes recent advances in synchrotron radiation applications for AM：in imaging， ultrafast X-ray imaging with high spatiotemporal resolution enables in situ observation of melt pool dynamics， defect formation mechanisms， and solidification behavior， revealing key phenomena such as keyhole fluctuation-induced porosity and Marangoni force-driven defect suppression； in diffraction， ultrafast X-ray diffraction quantitatively resolves phase transformation kinetics and residual stress evolution during rapid solidification. Furthermore， this work explores emerging trends in integrating synchrotron technology with deep learning and multiphysics simulations， while envisioning its potential for AM process optimization， intelligent defect detection， and novel material development. It is pointed out that such technology establishes a theoretical foundation and technical pathway for transitioning AM from empirical trial-and-error to mechanism-driven methodologies.

additive manufacturing  /  synchrotron radiation  /  in situ characterization  /  ultrafast X-ray imaging  /  ultrafast X-ray diffraction
王瀚, 张东升, 杨倩, 陈森, 李宇宵, 张兵兵, 刘伟. 增材制造原位表征：同步辐射超快X射线成像与衍射技术应用. 材料工程, 2026 , 54 (1) : 13 -29 . DOI: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2025.000500
Han WANG, Dongsheng ZHANG, Qian YANG, Sen CHEN, Yuxiao LI, Bingbing ZHANG, Wei LIU. In situ characterization for additive manufacturing： applications of synchrotron-based ultrafast X-ray imaging and diffraction techniques[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2026 , 54 (1) : 13 -29 . DOI: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2025.000500
Appendix
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Year 2026 volume 54 Issue 1
68
34
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Article Info
doi: 10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2025.000500
  • Receive Date：2025-09-04
  • Online Date：2026-10-26
  • Published：2026-01-20
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2025-09-04
  • Accepted：2025-11-04
Funding
Affiliations
    1.3D Printing Research & Engineering Technology Center，AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials，Beijing 100095，China
    2.Institute of High Energy Physics，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing 100049，China
    3.Institute of Fluid Physics，China Academy of Engineering Physics，Mianyang 621900，Sichuan，China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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