Plowing and fertilization are common management practices in alpine meadows， which directly influence plant productivity and species diversity. This study established experimental plots with plowing （Dis）， nutrient addition （NPK）， and their interactive treatment （DisNPK） at the Tianzhu Alpine Grassland Ecosystem Experimental Station of Gansu Agricultural University， with natural grassland as a control （CK）. The objectives were to investigate the effects of plowing and nutrient addition on plant community structure and biomass in alpine meadows and to identify the key driving factors. By measuring soil physicochemical properties， plant biomass， and species diversity， we analyzed the relationships between soil physicochemical properties and vegetation biomass/species diversity. The results showed that all treatments significantly increased the contents of total and available soil nutrients compared to control. The NPK treatment significantly increased aboveground biomass， and the combined effect of plowing and fertilization （DisNPK） had the most significant enhancement on productivity （particularly for grasses and above-ground biomass）. The Dis and DisNPK treatments significantly reduced community diversity. Correlation analysis revealed that soil available nutrients and organic matter were positively correlated with above-ground biomass but negatively correlated with diversity indices （P<0.05）. This study demonstrates that plowing and nutrient addition can alter the community structure and productivity of the ecosystem， providing a theoretical basis for the ecological restoration of alpine meadows.

Alpine meadow  /  Plowing  /  Nutrient Addition  /  Plant diversity  /  Soil physicochemical properties