This study focused on the wetland ecosystem of the Black-necked Crane National Nature Reserve in the Lhasa River Basin， systematically explores the niche characteristics， interspecific associations， and community stability of the dominant populations in the shrub layer and herb layer， analyzes the survival strategies， resource competition， and symbiotic relationships of dominant species in the alpine wetland environment， aiming to promote the positive associations between dominant species and companion species and optimize the community structure； The results show that： the average value of the Levins index in the herb layer （7.97） is higher than that in the shrub layer （3.27）， and the average value of the Shannon index （2.03） is also higher than that in the shrub layer （1.20）， indicating that herbaceous plants have better breadth and uniformity of resource utilization. The niche overlap index shows that the average value in the herb layer （0.22） is higher than that in the shrub layer （0.18）， with more intense resource competition. The interspecific association analysis shows that the shrub-herb layer presents a positive association as a whole （all VR values are greater than 1）. The overall symbiosis of plants in the shrub layer is stronger than competition， while the resource competition among species in the herb layer is more intense than that in the shrub layer. The community stability model shows that the Euclidean distances between the shrub layer， the herb layer and the theoretical stable point （20， 80） are 7.98 and 22.77 respectively， and the herb layer is in an unstable state. The study suggests optimizing vegetation configuration by screening species with matching ecological habits to enhance community stability， so as to provide a theoretical basis for the vegetation management of the reserve and the protection of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau ecosystem.

Lhasa River Basin of wetlands  /  Shrub-herb layer  /  Niche characteristics  /  Interspecific association  /  Community stability