This study employed conventional chromosome squash techniques to analyze the ploidy levels and karyotypes of eight samples from five Gynostemma species， aiming to investigate their evolutionary trends and phylogenetic relationships. The results revealed that all eight samples exhibited a basic chromosome number of 11. Among them， G.pentaphyllum collected from Fujian Nanjing was tetraploid， while the remaining seven samples were diploid. Satellite chromosomes were observed in two samples. Chromosome types included two categories： m （metacentric） and sm （submetacentric）. Karyotype classifications comprised four types： 1A， 2A， 1B， and 2B. The ratio of the longest to shortest chromosome ranged from 1.48 to 3.26， with an average arm ratio of 1.26-1.45. The karyotypic asymmetry coefficient varied between 55.59% and 58.56%. Based on karyotype evolution， the samples were ordered as follows： GXH， WZ>GXY>AH， FJ>MD， GXB， YJ. These findings provide cytological evidence for the taxonomic classification and phylogenetic analysis of Gynostemma species.

Gynostemma  /  Chromosomes  /  Ploidy  /  Karyotype