The soil carbon cycle constitutes the core of the global carbon cycle， governing the carbon sink function of terrestrial ecosystems. As key driving factors， nitrogen and phosphorus additions regulate the balance between soil carbon sequestration and release by altering the transformation processes of soil carbon fractions and microbial community activities. Based on CiteSpace bibliometric analysis， this study systematically reviewed global research progress over the past decades. Results indicated that the number of studies were growing exponentially， with research hotspots focusing on： the dynamics of labile and stable carbon fractions in soils， metabolic responses of microbial functional communities， and the nonlinear equilibrium of carbon input-output fluxes. While domestic research had made significant contributions to regional differential response mechanisms and micro-scale analysis of microbial-carbon coupling processes， shortcomings persisted in experimental designs for multi-factor interactions and the integration of long-term observational data. Future research should prioritize breakthroughs in long-term in-situ controlled experiments to elucidate the coupling mechanisms between nitrogen-phosphorus stoichiometry and carbon component transformation， and achieve precision prediction of carbon turnover through model-data fusion. This study provides a theoretical framework for quantitatively evaluating the carbon sequestration potential of grassland ecosystems under anthropogenic nitrogen and phosphorus input， and has guiding significance for the adaptive management of ecosystems under the goal of “Double Carbon”.

Grassland  /  Carbon cycle  /  Nitrogen and phosphorus addition  /  CiteSpace