Exploring the effects of grazing on ecosystem multifunctionality （EMF） in long-term enclosed grasslands is of great significance for sustainable grassland management. A 4-year grazing experiment with four intensities （control， light， moderate， and heavy） using Cervus elaphus kansuensis was conducted in the long-term enclosed grasslands of Yunwushan， Ningxia. Plant traits， species diversity， functional diversity and 11 grassland functional indicators were measured， and correlation analysis， linear regression and random forest models were employed to investigate the impacts of grazing intensity on grassland EMF.Results showed that compared with heavy grazing， moderate grazing （light and moderate intensities） significantly increased the coverage and density of gramineous and leguminous plants， as well as leaf nitrogen content， Shannon-Wiener index， species richness， Pielou evenness index， functional divergence index， soil total phosphorus content and EMF. Correlation analysis indicated significant positive correlations between EMF and community coverage， density， leaf carbon and nitrogen contents， and multiple diversity indices. Grazing intensity， community structural characteristics， leaf functional traits and species diversity indices were confirmed as important predictors of EMF.In conclusion， EMF in long-term enclosed grasslands is significantly enhanced by moderate grazing through the improvement of community structure， optimization of leaf functional traits and promotion of community species diversity.

Grazing  /  Long-term enclosed grassland  /  Grassland plant community structure  /  Grassland plant community diversity  /  Ecosystem multifunctionality