The identification and characterization of phenotypic traits are the foundation for understanding crop germplasm resources for breeding new cultivars. The sorghum germplasm from Central Asia demonstrated unique genotypes. It is of great significance to fully understand these materials for sorghum breeding in China. This study focused on 44 sorghum germplasm resources introduced from Central Asia. Precise characterization of phenotypic traits was systematically conducted， combined with multivariate statistical methods （including correlation analysis， cluster analysis， and principal component analysis） for systematic evaluation. Data analysis revealed that the tested accessions exhibited high heterogeneity at the phenotypic level， possessed diverse genetic backgrounds， and demonstrated complex interrelationships among traits. Cluster analysis grouped the 44 sorghum accessions into five clusters. Based on different breeding objectives， suitable germplasm resources can be selected. Principal component analysis （PCA） and comprehensive evaluation were performed on the sorghum resources. Based on F-values， the top 10 accessions with the best overall performance were identified. Among them， 7 germplasm materials belonged to Cluster II， and their phenotypic characteristics were significantly superior to that of the other clusters （e.g.， with mean plant height reaching 286.33 cm and panicle weight at 102.50 g）. They showed particularly outstanding performance in stalk lodging resistance and grain yield potential， making them valuable core parental materials for germplasm innovation and the development of hybrid combinations. This study analyzed the phenotypic diversity of sorghum germplasm resources and classified them based on similar phenotypes. This study provides a theoretical foundation for sorghum cultivation in semi-arid and arid regions， and also lays a foundation for the efficient utilization of sorghum germplasm resources and the development of new varieties.

Central Asia  /  Sorghum  /  Germplasmre sources  /  Phenotypic diversity