Latest ArticlesThe development of green and convenient methods for C–S bond formation has received significant attention because C–S bond widely occurs in many important pharmaceutical and biological compounds. Recently, visible-light photoredox catalysis has been established as an efficient and general tool for the construction of C–C and C-heteroatom bonds. In this review, we have focused on the research on recent advances in C–S bond formation via visible-light photoredox catalysis, and the growing opportunities they present to the construction of complex chemical scaffolds for applications encompassing bioactive molecules synthesis, synthetic methodology development, and sulfur-containing drugs. We hope that this review will provide chemists with a synthetic tool that will open the door to further development of organsulfur chemistry
In order to fully replace the traditional fossil energy supply system, the efficiency of electrochemical energy conversion and storage of new energy technology needs to be continuously improved to enhance its market competitiveness. The structural design of energy devices can achieve satisfactory energy conversion and storage performance. To achieve lightweight design, improve mechanical support, enhance electrochemical performance, and adapt to the special shape of the device, the structural energy devices develop very quickly. To help researchers analyze the development and get clear on developing trend, this review is prepared. This review summarizes the latest developments in structural energy devices, including special attention to fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, lithium metal batteries, and supercapacitors. Finally, the existing problems of structural energy devices are discussed, and the current challenges and future opportunities are summarized and prospected. Structural energy devices can undoubtedly overcome the performance bottlenecks of traditional energy devices, break the limitations of existing materials and structures, and provide a guidance for the development of equipment with high performance, light weight and low cost in the future.
Hydrogen energy could be a economic and powerful technology for sustainable future. Producing hydrogen fuel by electrochemical water splitting has attracted intense interest. Due to their physical and chemical properties, two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have sparked immense interest in water electrocatalysis for hydrogen production. This review focuses on the emerging nanocatalysts in 2D nanoarchitectures for electrocatalytic hydrogen production. The fundamentals of HER are firstly depicted, following the discussion of recent advances in typical 2D electrocatalysts for HER. The insights into the relationship among the synthetic protocols, structure, catalytic performance and thermodynamics will be discussed in details. Finally, the outlooks regarding further development of 2D nanocatalysts for HER are proposed. We hope this review will offer a comprehensive understanding in 2D nanocatalysts to promote electrochemical hydrogen production.
Dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) is an evolutionarily conserved protein kinase belonging to the CMGC kinase family, which is closely related to Down syndrome (DS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). In recent years, not only the treatment of diabetes, but also the treatment of cancer gradually focuses on targeting DYRK1A. Therefore, a series of DYRK1A inhibitors have been developed to treat relevant diseases and clarify their treatment mechanism furtherly. DYRK1A inhibitors are mainly divided into natural products and synthetic compounds. Among them, harmine is an excellent DYRK1A inhibitor. Therefore, the synthetic DYRK1A inhibitors are mainly based on harmine, which greatly enriches the structure and quantity of DYRK1A inhibitors. The interaction between the inhibitors and the DYRK1A protein has a guiding significance in predicting the activity of the inhibitors, and plays an irreplaceable role in the design of the compounds. This paper mainly reviews DYRK1A inhibitors found in recent years and their structure-activity relationship, looking forward to providing a theoretical basis for the development of DYRK1A inhibitors.
Compared with other transition metal Mxene derived quantum dots (MQDS), Ta-based Mxene quantum dots have good functionality, but Ta-based Mxene quantum dots and their applications have not been studied so far. In this paper, we report for the first time the synthesis of high fluorescence quantum yield (QY) N-doped Ta4C3 quantum dots (N-MQDs) using Ta4C3 quantum dots in acid reflux damaged Ta4C3 nanosheets as precursors and ethylenediamine as nitrogen source. The prepared N-MQDs have excellent blue photoluminescence (PL) properties, particle size is only 2.60 nm, QY is up to 23.4%, and good stability. In addition, it has been reported that N-MQDs can be used as fluorescent probe for detection of Fe3+ and remote force sensing analysis In liquid ion sensing, N-MQDS shows a unique selective quenching of Fe3+ with a detection limit as low as 2 μmol/L, and has great potential as a fast and super-sensitive fluorescent probe for the detection of heavy ion. More importantly, in solid mechanics sensing, the introduction of N-MQDs into self-healing hydrogels can be developed into a fluorescent hydrogel that can be used for accurate remote force measurement and applied in the field of mechanical sensing analysis. Therefore, Ta-based N-MQDs show excellent potential in the field of fluorescence sensing, which provides a door for multi-dimensional sensing of new materials in the future.
Rapid and accurate detection of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in serum and reduction of serum dosage are of great significance for clinical detection. Herein, we described a rapid magnetic separation of IgE from patient serum based on Fe3O4@SiO2-NTA@026 sdab as the capture probe and multiple horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled antibodies linked gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as chemiluminescence (CL) signal amplifier for ultrasensitive detection of total IgE. Results showed that the limit of detection of our immunosensor system in serum samples was 0.03 kU/L, which is lowest in comparison with current methods, and far lower than that of ImmunoCAP for IgE detection (0.1 kU/L). Furthermore, our immunosensor possessed satisfied repeatability and accuracy, as well as good stability. In comparison with the ImmunoCAP for the quantitative detection of IgE, highly consistent results were achieved in 20 serum samples. Specially, this method was also successfully utilized for assessing the IgE traces in breast cancer patients, which provides a new idea for the diagnosis of early cancer. Therefore, we believe that such versatile immunosensor will offer an alternative method for the on-site monitoring and determination of various IgE-related diseases.
Excessive mercury ions (Hg2+) in the environment can accumulate in human body along with the food chain to cause serious physiological reactions. The fluorescence probes were considered as convenient tool with great potential for Hg2+ detection. Most existing probes suffer from aggregation-induced quenching (ACQ) effects and insufficient sensitivity. Herein, a novel type of fluorophore was developed by combining the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) characteristics. Subsequently, a phenyl thioformate group with photoinduced electron transfer (PET) effect was connected to give an efficient "turn-on" probe (HTM), which exhibited good selectivity toward Hg2+, short response time (30 min), coupled with extremely low detection limit (LOD = 1.68 nmol/L). In addition, HTM was used successfully in real samples, cells and drug evaluation, underlying the superiority of HTM to detect Hg2+ in practical applications.
Theranostic visualization of dextran at the nanoscale is beneficial for understanding the bioregulatory mechanisms of this molecule. In this study, we applied structured illumination microscopy (SIM) to capture the distribution of Cy5-Dextran at different incubation periods in living cells. The results showed that Cy5-Dextran could be absorbed by HeLa cells. In addition, we clarified that Cy5-Dextran exhibited differential organelle distribution (lysosomal or mitochondrial) in a time-dependent manner. Moreover, lysosomal Cy5-Dextran localization was found to be independent of the autophagy process, while Cy5-Dextran localized to the mitochondria triggered a pro-apoptotic event, upregulating the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to accelerate mitochondrial fragmentation. This work uses a visualized strategy to reveal the anti-tumor bioactivity of dextran, which was achieved by regulating apoptosis and autophagy.
Triphenylamine (TPA) derivatives have been widely used as useful building blocks for diverse functional materials because of their excellent redox activity. Most of the molecular structures of TPA-based organic functional materials contain 4-anisyl groups, which on one hand could reduce their oxidation potential and on the other hand significantly delocalize the spin density of the resultant TPA radical cation species and enhance their stability. However, molecular-level investigation of the redox behavior of triphenylamines consisting of 4-anisyl group and the electronic structures of their radical cation species has not been reported in the literature. Herein, we design a series of triphenylamines consisting of one, two, or three 3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-anisyl groups and investigate their redox behaviors and corresponding radical cation species. We disclose that the resonance hybrid and steric protection could both contribute to the stability of triphenylamine radical cations. Moreover, further oxidation leads to an unexpected oxidative demethylation. The findings in this work may reveal new insights for the understanding of the unique redox properties of 4-anisyl substituted triphenylamines.
Platinum-based anticancer agents such as cisplatin and its analogues are widely used for treating multiple cancers. However, due to the inferior water-solubility, chemoresistance and consequent adverse side effects, their clinical applications are limited. Herein, cholesPt(IV), a lipophilic platinum(IV) prodrug was synthesized for manufacture of CholesPt(IV)-Liposomes aiming to resolve the predefined obstacles encountered by platinum drugs. Following systematic screening, CholesPt(IV)-Liposomes showed a small particle size (105.6 nm), the rapid release of platinum (Pt) ions, and notable apoptosis of cancer cells. In addition, according to the fluidity and safety results of animal experiments in mice, CholesPt(IV)-Liposomes also showed better therapeutic effect, which significantly inhibited the growth of patient-derived xenograft tumors of hepatocellular carcinoma with an inhibition ratio of 80.7%, and effectively alleviated the drug toxicity brought by traditional platinum drugs. Overall, this study provides a promising route to enhance the therapeutic efficiency of platinum drugs in cancer treatment.
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