Latest ArticlesSingle atom catalyst (SAC) refers to a novel catalyst with the active metal atoms individually anchored on the support. Single atom catalysts present the unique appeal due to the high atomic availability and specific activity, as well as the high pathway selectivity. Herein, we summarized the classification, preparation, characterization, and application of single atom catalysts. Finally, the current bottlenecks and the outlooks of the SAC research are discussed.
Carbon-based fluorescent nanomaterials have gained much attention in recent years. In this work, green-photoluminescent carbon nanodots (CNDs; also termed carbon dots, CDs) with amine termination were synthesized via the hydrothermal treatment of amine-containing spermine and rose bengal (RB) molecules. The CNDs have an ultrasmall size of ~2.2 nm and present bright photoluminescence with a high quantum yield of ~80% which is possibly attributed to the loss of halogen atoms (Cl and I) during the hydrothermal reaction. Different from most CNDs which have multicolor fluorescence emission, the as-prepared CNDs possess excitation-independent emission property, which can avoid fluorescence overlap with other fluorescent dyes. Moreover, the weakly basic amine-terminated surface endows the CNDs with the acidotropic effect. As a result, the CNDs can accumulate in the acidic lysosomes after cellular internalization and can serve as a favorable agent for lysosome imaging. Besides, the CNDs have a negligible impact on the lysosomal morphology even after 48 h incubation and exhibit excellent biocompatibility in the used cell models.
In this study, Si-doped ferrihydrite (Si-Fh) was successfully synthesized by a simple coprecipitation method for removal of heavy metals in water. Subsequently, the physicochemical properties of Si-Fh before and after adsorption were further studied using several techniques. The Si-Fh exhibited good adsorption capacity for heavy metal ions such as Pb(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ). The maximum adsorption capacities of lead and cadmium are respectively 105.807, 37.986mg/g. The distribution coefficients of the materials for Pb(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) also showed a great affinity (under optimal conditions). Moreover, it was found that the adsorption fit well with the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model which means this was a chemical adsorption process. It can be conducted from both characterization and model results that adsorption of Pb(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) was mainly through the complexation interaction of abundance oxygen functional groups on the surface of Si-Fh. Overall, the Si-Fh adsorbents with many superiorities have potential for future applications in the removal of Pb(Ⅱ) and Cd(Ⅱ) from wastewater.
A facile and efficient strategy was established for the construction of RC-529 and its derivatives. Four conjugates of RC-529 derivatives with Tn antigen were synthesized and all elicited strong and T cell-dependent immune responses in mice without requiring external adjuvants. In addition, all antisera induced by these conjugates could specifically recognize, bind to and kill Tn-overexpressing cancer cells. Thus, RC-529 shows promise as a useful platform for the development of new vaccine carriers with self-adjuvanting properties for the treatment of cancer. Moreover, preliminary structure-activity relationship analysis provides convincing support for further optimization of, and additional investigation into, RC-529.
A NIR fluorescent probe (DDAA) derived from fluorophore DDAO with alanine as the recognition group was developed for sensing aminopeptidase N (APN) in gut microbiota. Using DDAA as the real-time guidance tool for the fluorescence imaging of intestinal microorganism, target bacteria and saccharomycete possessing active APN were identified successfully from human feces.
The simultaneous removal of SO2, NOx and Hg0 from industrial exhaust flue gas has drawn worldwide attention in recent years. A particularly attractive technique is selective catalytic reduction, which effectively removes SO2, NOx and Hg0 at low temperatures. This paper first reviews the simultaneous removal of SO2, NOx and Hg0 by unsupported and supported catalysts. It then describes and compares the research progress of various carriers, eg., carbon-based materials, metal oxides, silica, molecular sieves, metal-organic frameworks, and pillared interlayered clays, in the simultaneous removal of SO2, NOx and Hg0. The effects of flue-gas components (such as O2, NH3, HCl, H2O, SO2, NO, and Hg0) on the removal of SO2, NOx, and Hg0 are discussed comprehensively and systematically. After summarizing the pollutant-removal mechanism, the review discusses future developments in the simultaneous removal of SO2, NOx and Hg0 by catalysts.
A highly stable fluorescent terbium MOF (Tb4(paip)6·1.2H2O, paip=5-(1H-pyrazole-4-yl)isophthalate) showing a sharp green emission (545 nm) and a quantum yield of 21.0% was successfully synthesized. This compound is shown to be a recyclable sensor for detecting picric acid in aqueous solution with both high sensitivity and selectivity, attributed to the electron transfer quenching mechanism.
We have developed a versatile, mild protocol for trifluoromethylthiolation reactions of aldehydes with catalysis by a decatungstate hydrogen atom transfer photocatalyst under redox-neutral conditions. The protocol is highly selective, operationally simple, and compatible with a wide array of sensitive functional groups. It can be used for late-stage functionalization of bioactive molecules, which makes it convenient for drug discovery.
We have developed a facile strategy to fabricate model multicolor hydrogels via a straightforward mixing process of poly acrylonitrile-grafted methacrylamide (PANMAM), polymethacrylic acid (PMAA) and doped lanthanide (Eu/Tb) and zinc ions to form the interpenetrating dual-polymer gel networks. The hydrogels exhibit excellent tunability of multi-spectrum emission colors (including white light) by simply varying the stoichiometry of metal ions. Furthermore, taking the advantage of different metal ion response mechanisms, we have demonstrated the reversible acidity/alkalinity stimuli-responsive behaviors of white-light-emitting hydrogel (WLE gel). Meanwhile, the unique cross-linked network formed through hydrogen-bonding, metal-ligand coordination and ionic interaction is introduced to achieve favorable mechanical strength of hydrogels. These properties enable the possibility in obtaining fluorescent patterns on hydrogels, which are promising candidate for encrypted information with improved security.
Natural isoquinolinium alkaloids possess a wide range of biological activities. The design and synthesis of mesoionic isoquinoliniums is of great importance. This paper reports the synthesis of unique mesoionic thiazoloisoquinolinium thiolates stabilized by aromatization and 1, 3-dipolarization. Such compounds can be synthesized via the three component [2 + 2 + 1] cycloaddition reaction of isoquinolines with ethyl propionate and elemental sulfur in the absence of any metal catalyst and additives. Importantly, thiazoloisoquinolinium thiolates can be transformed to thioether-containing thiazoloisoquinolinium halides. A selective [4 + 2] cycloaddition can also be used to form S-bridged fused tetracyclic compounds with a thiothiamide ring unit and two quarternary carbon centres. Compound I-1 shows good bioactivity against the chlorophyll of duckweed (Lemna minor) with inhibition rate of 51.5 μg/mL.
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