Latest ArticlesSecondary trauma, resulting in undesirable injury and bleeding during wound dressing treatment, which will cause the treatment of chronic wounds ineffective. The medical cotton gauzes often bring strong adhesion due to the exudates absorbed and clots formed. Conversely, the easily detachable wound dressings neglect the wound seepage management, rendering them ineffective in facing the complexities of chronic wounds. To address this challenge, we propose a novel draining anti-adhesion dressings (DAD) by constructing the hydrophilic microchannels array on the superhydrophobic dressing. The superhydrophobic areas facilitate stable wound fluid repellence leading to achieve the anti-adhesion (18.7% detachment energy of cotton) and the microchannel array ensures the transportation of excess exudates (>92%) by the capillary force. Notably, our dressing demonstrates a significant healing-promoting in a chronic wound model in rats. The development of such dressings holds promise for advancing wound care practices and addressing the unique challenges posed by chronic wounds, offering a valuable solution for improved clinical outcomes.
Fluoride-based electrolyte exhibits extraordinarily high oxidative stability in high-voltage lithium metal batteries (h-LMBs) due to the inherent low highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) of fluorinated solvents. However, such fascinating properties do not bring long-term cyclability of h-LMBs. One of critical challenges is the interface instability in contacting with the Li metal anode, as fluorinated solvents are highly susceptible to exceptionally reductive metallic Li attributed to its low lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), which leads to significant consumption of the fluorinated components upon cycling. Herein, attenuating reductive decomposition of fluorinated electrolytes is proposed to circumvent rapid electrolyte consumption. Specifically, the vinylene carbonate (VC) is selected to tame the reduction decomposition by preferentially forming protective layer on the Li anode. This work, experimentally and computationally, demonstrates the importance of pre-passivation of Li metal anodes at high voltage to attenuate the decomposition of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC). It is expected to enrich the understanding of how VC attenuate the reactivity of FEC, thereby extending the cycle life of fluorinated electrolytes in high-voltage Li-metal batteries.
The exploitation of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) as active layer materials for typical sandwich-structured resistive memories has attracted widespread interest due to the property of low power consumption and fast switching. However, the inherent thermal instability of perovskites limits the application of OIHPs-based resistive memories under extreme conditions, while the influence of thermal effects on their resistance change characteristics remains unclear. Herein, a novel 2D <100>-oriented high-temperature resistant OIHP [(BIZ-H)2(PbBr4)]n (BIZ = benzimidazole) is prepared as an active layer material to fabricate FTO/[(BIZ-H)2(PbBr4)]n/Ag resistive memory with excellent thermal reproducibility and stability up to 120 ℃. The increase in temperature leads to a decrease in the PbBr6 octahedral distortion in the crystal structure, an increase in hydrogen bonding between the (BIZ-H)+ cation and the (PbBr4)n2n- layer, and a shortening of the spacing of the inorganic layers, which is found to result in the creation and predominance of thermally activated traps with increasing temperature. This work provides a new direction for the next generation of OIHPs-based resistive memories with high-temperature tolerance.
Unstable electrode/electrolyte interfaces and heterogeneous Zn deposition would reduce the Coulombic efficiency and cycle life of Zn metal batteries (ZMBs). Applying water-in-salt (WIS) electrolytes has proven to be an effective strategy to address the above issues. However, an understanding of the reaction mechanisms on the Zn anode at nanoscale is still elusive. Here we utilize in situ atomic force microscopy to visualize the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and Zn deposition/dissolution processes in WIS electrolyte and construct relationships between interfacial behavior and electrochemical performance. The formation processes, chemical properties, and structure of the on-site formed SEI are deeply explored. The SEI with a “plum-pudding” model can guide uniform Zn deposition and reversible dissolution. Mechanistic understanding of the interfacial evolution of the SEI layer and Zn deposition/dissolution has been achieved and will benefit the structural optimization and interfacial engineering of ZMBs.
Agrochemicals, especially plant growth regulators (PGRs), are extensively used to modulate endogenous phytohormone signals in small quantities, significantly influencing plant growth and development. Plant hormones typically exhibit diverse chemical structures, with common examples including indole rings, terpenoid frameworks, adenine motifs, cyclic lactones, cyclopentanones, and steroidal compounds, which are extensively employed in pesticides. This article explores the interactions and biological activities of small molecules on proteins, enzymes, and other reactive sites involved in the biosynthesis, metabolism, transport, and signal transduction pathways of various plant hormones. Additionally, it analyzes the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of pesticides incorporating these structural motifs to elucidate the relationship between active fragments, pharmacophores, and targets, highlighting the characteristics of potent small molecules and their derivatives. This comprehensive review aims to provide novel perspectives for the development and design of pesticides, offering valuable insights for researchers in the field.
Cobalt sulfide has received widespread attention in the advanced oxidation treatment of wastewater, and its catalytic activity is influenced by crystal structure and exposed active sites. This work successfully constructed three types of cobalt sulfides, namely Co9S8, Co3S4 and CoS2, by changing the molar ratio of cobalt to sulfur. The results showed that the degradation efficiency of Co9S8, Co3S4 and CoS2 on chloroxylenol by activated peroxomonosulfate (PMS) were 100%, 88.70% and 67.73%, respectively. Combined with density functional theory (DFT), the structural properties and reaction energy barriers of different cobalt-sulfur ratios were calculated. As the ratio of cobalt to sulfur increases, the sulfur vacancies realized a fuller exposure of active sites (Co2+surf.) on the surface of the catalysts, with a highly linear relationship with the reaction rate constant (R2 = 0.945). This work explores the structure-activity relationship between cobalt sulfur ratio and degradation efficiency, which can guide new catalyst synthesis.
Metal-organic framework (MOF) has been widely applied in photocatalysis, which is significant for addressing energy crises and environmental issues. Based on density functional theory calculations, the performances of Cu-BTC, a copper-based MOF, and its derivatives CuTM-BTC via the substitution of transition metal (TM) elements at the Cu site for photocatalytic overall water splitting (POWS) have been studied. POWS of Cu-BTC suffers from the sluggish hydrogen evolution reaction due to the large overpotential of 2.02 V and limited solar utilization due to a wide HOMO-LUMO gap of 4.11 eV. Via TM substitution, the HOMO-LUMO gap narrows but still satisfies the redox potentials when taken 3d-TM of Cr, Fe, Co or Ni, 4d-TM of Rh or Pd, or 5d-TM of Re or Pt into consideration, benefiting for the light absorption. Furthermore, Cr and Re could serve as active sites for hydrogen evolution with remarkably lowered overpotentials of 0.79 V and 0.28 V, respectively; similarly, oxygen evolution activities could be enhanced by Fe, Co and Rh because of their reduced overpotentials which are less than 0.5 V. Therefore, our findings pave guidance for designing Cu-BTC derivatives in overall water splitting.
Established evidence has unveiled two strategies for treating cancer: depleting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and reprogramming M2-like TAMs into an antitumor M1 phenotype. Here, we designed novel pH-sensitive biomimetic hybrid nanovesicles (EDHPA) loaded with doxorubicin (DOX). DOX@EDHPA can specifically target TAMs by activating macrophage-derived exosomes (M1-Exos) and anisamide (AA) as cancer-specific targeting ligands. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that DOX@EDHPA could efficiently be delivered to the tumor site and taken up by cells. Meanwhile, it synergistically enhanced immunogenic cell death (ICD) and induced a subsequent antigen-specific T cell immune response. The tumor inhibitory rate of the DOX@EDHPA group was 1.42 times that of the free DOX group. Further analysis showed that the excellent antitumor effects of DOX@EDHPA should ascribe to the homing effect of M1-Exos on macrophages and the repolarization to antitumor M1 TAMs, which induced the elevated secretion of pro-inflammatory factors. Therefore, the hybrid EDHPA targeting TAMs to reshape the tumor microenvironment constituted a novel immunochemotherapy strategy to inhibit tumor growth.
The Fenton method is an effective technology for the removal of organic materials from wastewater. In this work, an induced catalyst Fe3O4 was synthesized by a hydrothermal method, and the modulation of the chemical composition of Fe3O4 crystals was achieved under the microwave shock method with the same effect as that of calcination treatment. Fe3O4 catalyst for the removal of the dye Rhodamine B (RhB) from polluted wastewater under microwave (MW), H2O2 system. The results showed that Fe3O4 nanomicrospheres prepared by microwave shock exhibited superior catalytic activity under the conditions of 500 W, 0.4 mol/L H2O2 and10 mg/L RhB, and the removal rate of RhB reached 98.5% after 10 min. The Fe3O4 catalysts also exhibited good stability and degradation efficiency. Electron paramagnetic resonance experiments confirmed that •OH plays a major role in the rapid degradation of RhB. Under microwave action, the catalyst produces electron-hole pairs, in which the holes react with OH− produced by water ionisation to form •OH, and the microwave-treated Fe3O4 produces more active species. Fe3+ and Fe2+ serve as microwave catalytic activity centers and Fenton catalytic activity centers, respectively. This research demonstrates that optimizing the Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio significantly enhances the degradation efficiency of RhB. This study presents novel views regarding the mechanism of microwave synergistic catalyst-induced Fenton.
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