Latest ArticlesThe development of deep-red emitting lead-free metal-halide perovskites with high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs) and outstanding stability remains a major challenge for displays and deep-tissue bioimaging. In this work, we report a facile and convenient solvothermal method to synthesize metal halides Cs2ZnX4 (X = Cl, Br) that however is PL innert at room temperature. Upon composition engineering utilizing Sn2+ as the dopant, the resulting Cs2ZnCl4: Sn not only emits strong deep-red PL peaked at 700 nm with the highest 99.4% PLQY among the similar materials so far, but also exhibits excellent structure stability in air (PLQY remains 96% after one year exposure to the atmosphere). Detailed experimental characterizations and theoretical calculations reveal that the deep-red emission stems from self-trapped excitons induced by the Sn2+ dopant. Particularly, triplet emission (3P2→1S0) from Sn-5s2 orbitals has been observed at low temperature due to the break of parity-forbidden transition. This work provides an important guidance for the development of deep-red light-emitting materials with low price, high efficiency and excellent stability.
Lithium dendrite growth due to uneven electrodeposition usually leads to the potential hazard of internal short circuit and shorter lifetime of lithium-based batteries. Extensive efforts have been devoted to explore the effects of single or two factors on dendrite growth, involving the diffusion coefficient, exchange current density, electrolyte concentration, temperature, and applied voltage. However, these factors interrelate during battery operation, signifying that a understanding of how they jointly influence the electrodeposition is of paramount importance for the effective suppression of dendrites. Here, we incorporate the dependent relationships among key factors into the phase-field model to capture their synergistic effects on electrodeposition. All the simulations are implemented in our self-written MATLAB code under a unified modeling framework. Following this, five groups of experimentally common dendrite patterns are reproduced and the corresponding electrodeposition driving forces are identified. Unexpectedly, we find that with the decrease of the ratio of exchange current density (or applied voltage) to diffusion coefficient, the electrodeposition morphology changes from needle-like dendrites to columnar dendrites and to uniform deposition. The present phase-field simulation tends to depict the practical electrodeposition process, providing important insights into synergistic regulation to suppress dendrite growth.
To realize the handedness controllable circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) system remains challenging. Herein, the solvent-mediated CPL inversion and amplification systems were successfully constructed by camptothecin derivative (CPT-A). Due to the planar structure of N, N-dimethylformamide, it could co-assemble with CPT-A, resulting in the alteration of glum from ‒0.0082 to +0.0085 by increasing water content. While in the non-planar solvent (hexafluoroisopropanol), the glum was amplified to 0.034 with the increase in water content. Moreover, the CPT-A could react with the glutathione, resulting in the anticancer drug CPT to make it more toxic to the cancer cells. Overall, the handedness controllable CPL systems were realized by tuning the supramolecular self-assembly of a prodrug.
Lanthanide metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs), which is composed of organic bridging ligands and Ln3+ ions/clusters, is an important component of luminescent MOFs. Compared with transition metal ions, lanthanide ions have a higher coordination number and abundant coordination geometry. Moreover, Ln-MOFs have special characteristics such as good porosity, topological diversity, high surface area and highly adjustable structure. The energy transfer (ET) process in Ln-MOFs could be easily affected by the interaction between host framework and guest, resulting in the change of luminescence intensity or color. Over the past few decades, the features of Ln-MOFs open the door to a range of incredibly important applications. However, there are few reviews on systemic summary of the various applications of Ln-MOFs. In this paper, we summarized the latest progress of Ln-MOFs applications, including the Ln-MOFs in chemical and biological sensors, optical information devices and catalysis, respectively, and discussed design mechanism. The possible problems in current research are briefly prospected, hoping to provide some helpful guidance for the future development of Ln-MOF materials.
Click chemistry has become a useful tool for diverse molecular linkage and modification, and the development of new click strategy that enable reversibility and multifunctionality is of high demand for the multifunction and drug release. Herein, compositionally clicking combined regioselective iridium-catalyzed azide-alkynthio cycloaddition (Ir-AAC) and disulfuration has been developed for the sequential linkage from N-acetylenethio phthalimides, naturally occurring thiols and readily available azides. This method has been successfully applied to the construction of drug hybrids, peptide modification and glycosylation. Furthermore, by the design of diacetylenethio phthalimide as a platform molecule, trifunctional conjugants were sequentially linked through independent Ir-AAC, disulfuration and Cu-AAC reaction for hydrophobic tagging ternary PROTACs.
A facile and environmentally friendly visible-light-induced three-component reaction of α-diazoesters, cyclic ethers and NaSCN to construct organic thiocyanates has been developed at room temperature. This reaction could occur under photocatalyst- and additive-free conditions to afford a number of organic thiocyanates with moderate to good yield and favorable functional group tolerance.
Atom- and step-economy in IBX assisted diversity-oriented synthesis is achieved with a versatile AQ auxiliary α-amino acid analogs offering rapid access to polycyclic spiro-quinolines featuring a quaternary stereocenter in 20%–91% yields under mild conditions via 7, 8-dearomatization of quinolines. Free of a preinstalled activation group is highlight of this intramolecular oxidation spiroannulation tandem reaction. This type of N-heterospirocycles, traditionally difficult to access, may open the door to a potentially interest scaffold for synthetic and medicinal chemistry.
Thermally regenerative batteries (TRBs) are promising for harvesting low-grade waste heat into electrical power. However, the ammonia crossover from anode to cathode causes self-discharge and then leads to the decay of capacity. To alleviate the ammonia crossover and improve electricity generation, a stable graphene oxide (GO) modified anion exchange membrane (AEM) was proposed. Compared with the original AEM, the GO modified AEM with a 39.5% lower ammonia permeability induces a 24.3% higher maximal power output and 20.2% higher energy density in TRBs. Together with the visualization result, it was demonstrated the ammonia crossover was effectively alleviated by GO modifying the AEM not at a cost of the reduced battery performance, indicating the promising application in future TRBs.
With the help of the redox mediator, decoupled water-splitting allows O2 and H2 to be produced at different times, at different rates, and even in different cells, which promotes both the operation safety and the utilization of renewable power sources. However, the current densities and stabilities of these redox mediators are commonly low, which require further improvements for practical applications. Here, we propose to use supercapacitors as solid state redox mediators for decoupled water splitting. For demonstration, Na0.5MnO2 (pseudocapacitor) and active carbon (double layer capacitor), are both used as the redox mediator. These supercapacitors show superior current density (1 A/cm2) and ultralong cycle-life (8000 cycles) compared with commonly investigated battery-based mediators (NiOOH/Ni(OH)2). Our research proves supercapacitors can be used as redox relay with high current density and stability, which may bring new insights in the design of decoupled water splitting systems.
No. 86 Xueyuan South Road, Haidian District, Beijing
010-62199257
qkjq@cast.org.cn
Copyright © 2025 China Association for Science and Technology. All rights reserved. For all open access content, the relevant licensing terms apply.
Sponsored by the Office of the Leading Group for Cybersecurity and Informatization of CAST, and supported by Science and Technology Review Publishing House
