Latest ArticlesGastric Carcinoma (GC) is a highly fatal malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Its elevated mortality rates are primarily due to its proclivity for late-stage metastasis. Exploring the metabolic interactions between tumor microenvironment and the systemic bloodstream could help to clearly understand the mechanisms and identify precise biomarkers of tumor growth, proliferation, and metastasis. In this study, an integrative approach that combines plasma metabolomics with mass spectrometry imaging of tumor tissue was developed to investigate the global metabolic landscape of GC tumorigenesis and metastasis. The results showed that the oxidized glutathione to glutathione ratio (GSSH/GSH) became increased in non-distal metastatic GC (M0), which means an accumulation of oxidative stress in tumor tissues. Furthermore, it was found that the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as 9,10-EpOMe, 9-HOTrE, etc., were accelerated in both plasma and tumor tissues of distal metastatic GC (M1). These changes were further confirmed the potential effect of CYP2E1 and GGT1 in metastatic potential of GC by mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Collectively, our findings reveal the integrated multidimensional metabolomics approach is a clinical useful method to unravel the blood-tumor metabolic crosstalk, illuminate reprogrammed metabolic networks, and provide reliable circulating biomarkers.
As battery technology evolves and demand for efficient energy storage solutions, aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) have garnered significant attention due to their safety and environmental benefits. However, the stability of cathode materials under high-voltage conditions remains a critical challenge in improving its energy density. This review systematically explores the failure mechanisms of high-voltage cathode materials in AZIBs, including hydrogen evolution reaction, phase transformation and dissolution phenomena. To address these challenges, we propose a range of advanced strategies aimed at improving the stability of cathode materials. These strategies include surface coating and doping techniques designed to fortify the surface properties and structure integrity of the cathode materials under high-voltage conditions. Additionally, we emphasize the importance of designing antioxidant electrolytes, with a focus on understanding and optimizing electrolyte decomposition mechanisms. The review also highlights the significance of modifying conductive agents and employing innovative separators to further enhance the stability of AZIBs. By integrating these cutting-edge approaches, this review anticipates substantial advancements in the stability of high-voltage cathode materials, paving the way for the broader application and development of AZIBs in energy storage.
Ethylene carbonate (EC) is the conventional and promising solvent to achieve high energy lithium metal battery. However, the innate low energy level of lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) in EC makes it incompatible with lithium metal, causing uncontrolled lithium growth and low Coulombic efficiency (CE). Herein, we introduced bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) carbonate (TFEC), a carbonate with a strong electron-withdrawing effect (-CF3), which enhances the stability of EC at electrode interface by reducing ion-dipole interactions between Li+ and EC. As the interaction between Li and EC weakens, TFEC and more PF6− anions coordinate with Li+, promoting the formation of contact ion pairs (CIPs) and aggregates (AGGs), thereby increasing the inorganic composition within the solid electrolyte interphase. Additionally, the distinct solvated sheath structure favors the decomposition of fluorinated solvents and PF6− anions, forming inorganic-rich electrode-electrolyte interfaces (SEI and CEI), thereby ensuring high stability for both the Li anode and high-voltage cathode. Hence, when applied in the full-cell LiLiMn0.8Fe0.2PO4, it displays consistent cycling performance, exhibiting minimal capacity decay with a retention rate of 62.5% after 800 cycles, substantially surpassing that of cells using base electrolytes (29.8%).
Flexible energy storage devices have been paid much attention and adapts to apply in various fields. Benefiting from the active sites of boron (B) and phosphorus (P) doping materials, co-doped carbon materials are widely used in energy storage devices for the enhanced electrochemical performance. Herein, B and P co-doped flexible carbon nanofibers with nitrogen-rich (B-P/NC) are investigated with electrospinning for sodium-ion battery. The flexible of binderless B-P/NC with annealing of 600 ℃ (B-P/NC-600) exhibits the remarkable performance for the robust capacity of 200 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g after 500 cycles and a durable reversible capacity of 160 mAh/g even at 1 A/g after 12, 000 cycles, exhibiting the equally commendable stability of flexible B-P/NC-600. In addition, B-P/NC-600 delivers the reversible capacity of 265 mAh/g with the test temperature of 60 ℃. More importantly, the flexible B-P/NC-600 is fabricated as anode for the whole battery, delivering the capacity of 90 mAh/g at 1 A/g after 200 cycles. Meanwhile, theoretical calculation further verified that boron and phosphorus co-doping can improve the adsorption capacity of nitrogen carbon materials. The favorable performance of flexible B-P/NC-600 can be ascribed to the nitrogen-rich carbon nanofibers with three-dimensional network matrix for the more active site of boron and phosphorus co-doping. Our work paves the way for the improvement of flexible anodes and wide-operating temperature of sodium-ion batteries by doping approach of much heteroatom.
Photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production has been considered as a promising strategy for H2O2 synthesis due to its environmentally friendly. Among various photocatalysts, carbon nitride-based materials are excellent candidates for H2O2 production because of their excellent visible-light response, low cost and high stability. In this review, we summarize in detail the research progress on the photocatalytic production of H2O2 by carbon nitride. First, we summarize the basic principles of photocatalysis and photocatalytic H2O2 production. Second, the classification and modification methods of carbon-nitride-based materials are discussed, including morphology modulation, noble metal loading, defect control, heterojunction regulation, molecular structure engineering and elemental doping. Finally, the different in-situ applications of H2O2 via photosynthesis were discussed, including disinfection and antibiotic resistant genes degradation, organic pollutants degradation, medical applications and fine chemical synthesis. This review brings great promise for in-situ H2O2 photosynthesis, which is expected to serve as a key component in future applications.
Herein, vacancy engineering is utilized reasonably to explore molybdenum tungsten oxide nanowires (W4MoO3 NWs) rich in O-vacancies as an advanced electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (eNRR) electrocatalyst, realizing further enhancement of NRR performance. In 0.1 mol/L Na2SO4, W4MoO3 NWs rich in O vacancies (CTAB-D-W4MoO3) achieve a large NH3 yield of 60.77 µg h-1 mg-1cat. at -0.70 V vs. RHE and a high faradaic efficiency of 56.42% at -0.60 V, much superior to the W4MoO3 NWs deficient in oxygen vacancies (20.26 µg h-1 mg-1cat. and 17.1% at -0.70 V vs. RHE). Meanwhile, W4MoO3 NWs rich in O-vacancies also show high electrochemical stability. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations present that O vacancies in CTAB-D-W4MoO3 reduce the energy barrier formed by the intermediate of *N-NH, facilitate the activation and further hydrogenation of *N-N, promote the NRR process, and improve NRR activity.
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