Latest ArticlesHepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is the cause of postoperative hepatic dysfunction and failure, and even death. As an important biological effector molecule, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) of mitochondria as a gasotransmitter that is usually used to protect against acute HIRI injury. However, the exact relationship between HIRI and mitochondrial H2S remains tangled due to the lack of an effective analytical method. Herein, we have fabricated a mitochondria-targeted H2S-activatable fluorogenic probe (Mito-GW) to explore the stability of mitochondrial H2S and track the changes of mitochondrial H2S during the HIRI. By virtue of pyridinium electropositivity and its amphiphilicity, Mito-GW could accumulate in mitochondria. It goes through an analyte-prompted immolation when reacts with H2S, resulting in the releasing of the fluorophore (GW). Therefore, the extent of Mito-GW conversion to GW can be used to evaluate the changes of mitochondrial H2S level in living cells and tissues. As proof-of-principle, we have used Mito-GW to demonstrate the mitochondria H2S-levels increase and then decrease during HIRI in vitro and in vivo. Our research highlights the tremendous potential of Mito-GW as a mitochondrial H2S fluorogenic probe in elucidating the pathogenesis of HIRI, providing a powerful tool for promoting future research on hepatology.
Artemisinin (ART) resistance has been an emerging clinical problem, severely compromising antimalarial efficacy and threatening the global malaria elimination campaign. Albeit intensive studies about the molecular mechanism for ART resistance are under way, no effective therapeutic targets for reversing resistance have been applied. Here, we explore glutathione (GSH) as a therapeutic target to develop a thermo-responsive nanoplatform to specifically co-deliver ART and GSH synthesis inhibitor (L-buthionine sulfoximine, BSO) in a sustained manner, effectively reversing ART resistance in vivo. By combining with BSO, ART exerts increased antimalarial activity with reduced half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) by 7.43-fold in ART-resistant strains. This work reveals that the GSH in ART-resistant parasites can be a promising therapeutic target for reversing ART resistance, paving the way for developing drug candidates and intelligent nanomedicines in malaria therapy.
Three novel matrine-type alkaloids (1–3) and two unprecedented aloperine-type alkaloids (4 and 5) were isolated from the root of Sophora tonkinensis and the seeds of Sophora alopecuroides respectively. Notably, compound 1 possessed an unprecedented 6/5/6 tricyclic skeleton, while compounds 2 and 3 characterized by rare 6/6/5/6 tetracyclic system and 6/6/6/6/6 pentacyclic system respectively. Moreover, compound 4 possessed an unprecedented 6/7/6/6 tetracyclic core, and compound 5 characterized by rare 6/6/6/6 tetracyclic skeleton. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Biological tests indicated that compound 5 displayed significant anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activity compared with the positive control ningnanmycin.
Hybrid metal-organic framework (MOF) derivatives play a significant role in the novel catalyst development in energy conversion reactions. Here, we demonstrated the low-temperature fully fluorinated zeolitic imidazole framework (ZIF) coupled with a three-dimensional open framework Prussian blue analog (PBA) with combined advantages for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in water splitting reaction. The spectroscopic analysis and the electrochemical studies revealed the combined advantages of efficient electronic effect and active site synergism. Because of good conductivity improvement by N-doped carbon derived from ZIF and the high electrochemical surface area and active site exposure from PBA derivatives, good catalytic performance was obtained on the optimal catalyst of CoNi ZIF/CoFe-PBA-F-300, which required a low overpotential of 250 mV to reach 10 mA/cm2 loaded on the glassy carbon electrode, with Tafel slope of 47.4 mV/dec, and very high dynamic and steady stability. In addition, the multi-component with the mixed structure from highly polar metal fluorides promoted the easy formation of the active phase as revealed by the post-sample analysis. The current results showed a novel composite catalyst materials development from the hybrid MOF derivatives, which would be promising in the electrolysis of water oxidation reactions and energy-relevant catalysis reactions.
NH3-SCR was one of the most promising deNOx technologies and it has been widely applied in industrial NOx reduction. However, with the further development of energy transformation in power generation sector, the development of NH3-SCR catalysts is facing some new challenges. It is becoming an urgent problem to solve low catalytic activity and stability of NH3-SCR catalysts at the working condition of ultra-low temperature (≤ 200 ℃) and high concentrations of H2O + SO2 due to the gradual deployment of new energy power plants. Furthermore, the traditional coal-fired power plants would need flexible operation with the increasing share of renewable energy generation. The NH3-SCR catalysts which were applied in coal-fired power industry would be requested to work in a wide temperature window from 200 ℃ to 500 ℃ in the near future. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the progress of NH3-SCR catalysts in solving these different industrial problems in recent years. And the research directions which were deserved to be focused on the development of NH3-SCR catalysts for the energy transition of power generation sector are proposed.
Triphenylamine (TPA)-based aggregation-induced emission luminogens (TPA-AIEgens), a type of photoactive material utilizing the typical TPA moiety, has recently attracted increasing attention for the diagnostics and treatment of tumors due to their remarkable chemo-physical performance in optoelectronic research. TPA-AIEgens are distinguished from other photoactive agents by their strong fluorescence, good sensitivity, high signal-to-noise ratio, resistance to photobleaching, and lack of high concentration or aggregation-caused fluoresce quenching effects. In this review, we summarize the current advancements and the biomedical progress of TPA-AIEgens in tumor theranostics. First, the design principles of TPA-AIEgens photoactive agents as well as the advanced targeting strategies for nuclei, cell membranes, cell organelle and tumors were introduced, respectively. Next, the applications of TPA-AIEgens in tumor diagnosis and therapeutic techniques were reviewed. Last, the challenges and prospects of TPA-AIEgens for cancer therapy were performed. The given landscape of the TPA-AIEgens hereby is meaningful for the further design and utilization of the novel photoactive material, which could be beneficial for the development of clinic applications.
Inspired by our previous studies to discover novel human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) by targeting the tolerant region II of the NNRTIs binding pocket (NNIBP), a series of novel benzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives were designed through structure-based drug design as novel potent HIV-1 NNRTIs. The results showed that compound 16b was the most active inhibitor, exhibiting 50% effective concentration (EC50) values from 0.021 µmol/L to 0.298 µmol/L against wild-type (WT) and a panel of NNRTIs-resistant HIV-1 strains. Moreover, 16b was demonstrated with a significantly low 50% cytotoxicity concentration (CC50) value (> 200 µmol/L) and high selectivity index (SI) values. In addition, 16b yielded moderate reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme inhibition with a 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) value of 0.183 µmol/L, which demonstrated that it acted as HIV-1 NNRTIs. The binding mode of 16b with RT was also illustrated via molecular docking. Overall, this work provided a novel lead compound for developing potent HIV-1 NNRTIs.
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) exhibiting reversible redox behaviors have been identified as promising candidates for constructing electrode materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, their extensive application has been limited due to finite redox sites and poor structural stability. In this study, we design and synthesize a novel polyimide covalent organic framework (PI-COF) using the traditional solvothermal method and successfully apply it as an anode material for LIBs. The large conjugated structure of PI-COF accelerates charge transfer, while its large surface area provides more active sites, making PI-COF an attractive anode material for LIBs. Furthermore, the PI-COF anode material demonstrates high reversible specific capacity and excellent long-term cycling stability due to its COF characteristics. Specifically, the PI-COF electrodes deliver a specific capacity of 800 mAh/g at a current density of 200 mA/g after 200 cycles, while a specific capacity of 450 mAh/g at a current density of 1000 mA/g is sustained after 800 cycles. The outstanding lithium storage capacity, particularly the satisfactory long-term cycling stability, establishes PI-COF as a promising material for LIBs.
Abnormal accumulation and metabolism of lipid droplets can lead to a variety of diseases. Polarity, a key parameter of the microenvironment, is closely associated with many diseases and dysfunctions in the body. It is important to elucidate the relationship between the physiological activity of lipid droplets (LDs) and the polarity of the microenvironment. In this work, based on push-pull mechanism, a fluorescent probe (E)-3-(5-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)-1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (PPTH) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties for the detection of polarity changes in cells was synthesized. PPTH not only visualize intracellular polarity fluctuation of iron death and inflammation but also distinguish between normal and fatty liver tissue.
Polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based solid-state polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are limited by their poor cyclic stability and inferior ionic conductivity for applicating in high-safety, long-cycling and high-energy-density lithium metal batteries. Herein, porous boron nitride nanofibers (BNNFs) are filled into PEO-based SPE, which significantly suppresses Li dendrites growth and enhances the electrochemical performance of Li metal battery. BNNFs with high porosity have more active sites to connect with PEO, which can effectively reduce the crystallinity of the PEO matrix and enhance its ionic conductivity. Moreover, owing to the hardness and good stability of BNNFs, BNNFs/PEO/LiTFSI electrolyte exhibits a wider electrochemical window, better mechanical property and higher thermal stability compared with PEO/LiTFSI electrolyte. Consequently, the Li symmetric cell composed of 1% BNNFs/PEO/LiTFSI performs good cyclic stability (>1800 h), and the Li||1% BNNFs/PEO/LiTFSI||LFP full battery shows obviously improved performances in charge-discharge polarization voltage, discharge specific capacity, rate performance and cyclic stability than the Li||PEO/LiTFSI||LFP battery.
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