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Numerical calculation of ice force on ship’s oblique motion in brash ice
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Qiao-sheng ZHAO1, 2, Wei GUO2, Meng-chen REN2, Yuan-ren XIU2
Journal of Ship Mechanics | 2026, 30(8) : 1234 - 1244
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Journal of Ship Mechanics | 2026, 30(8): 1234-1244
• Hydrodynamics •
Numerical calculation of ice force on ship’s oblique motion in brash ice
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Qiao-sheng ZHAO1, 2, Wei GUO2, Meng-chen REN2, Yuan-ren XIU2
Affiliations
  • 1Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
  • 2China Ship Scientific Research Center, Wuxi 214082, China
Published: 2026-08-15 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2026.08.002
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Using the CFD-DEM numerical simulation method, this paper predicts the hydrodynamic forces and ice forces on a ship sailing obliquely in brash ice region. The results show that, compared with the steady and stable hydrodynamic component, the ice force in the time domain exhibits characteristics of unsteady and random pulse groups. The mechanism of this feature was explained in the paper. Considering the large inertia of the ship, this paper proposed to divide the ice force into low-frequency components for motion prediction and high-frequency components for vibration and structural damage assessment based on the ship's steering frequency. Since the filtered low-frequency ice force remains random, a "random sampling method" was proposed alongside the conventional 'time averaging method', This new method extracts the ice force corresponding to different drift angles or angular velocities from the time-domain curve for analytical representation. Therefore, predicting the ship's maneuvering motion yields not a unique trajectory but a probability band instead. The paper investigates the mechanism of ice force, filtering frequency selection criteria, and a random sampling method of ice force. The findings can serve as a reference for maneuverability prediction in brash ice.

ship  /  broken ice  /  ice force  /  numerical simulation
赵桥生, 国威, 任梦晨, 修苑人. 碎冰中船舶斜航运动船体冰水动力数值计算研究. 船舶力学, 2026 , 30 (8) : 1234 -1244 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2026.08.002
Qiao-sheng ZHAO, Wei GUO, Meng-chen REN, Yuan-ren XIU. Numerical calculation of ice force on ship’s oblique motion in brash ice[J]. Journal of Ship Mechanics, 2026 , 30 (8) : 1234 -1244 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2026.08.002
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Year 2026 volume 30 Issue 8
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2026.08.002
  • Receive Date：2025-12-10
  • Online Date：2026-11-03
  • Published：2026-08-15
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  • Received：2025-12-10
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Affiliations
    1Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
    2China Ship Scientific Research Center, Wuxi 214082, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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