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The study of probability characteristics of ice loads can offer more precise input loads for the assessment of ship structural safety, taking into account the uncertainties involved in the interaction between polar ships and sea ice. By integrating the ice load estimation formula with a statistical characteristic analysis method, a Monte Carlo-based approach was proposed to investigate the probabilistic characteristics of ice loads on polar ships. According to the typical sea area and route, the scenarios of interaction between the midship and bow of the vessel with sea ice were considered separately. Based on the study of the probability distribution types and statistical parameters of the relevant variables, the ice loads at different positions was calculated by the method presented in this paper, and the corresponding probability density function was obtained. It can be found that the probability characteristics of ice force in the midship can be accurately modeled by a normal distribution, and the Weibull distribution can be used to describe the probability characteristics of both horizontal and vertical ice forces at the bow. Moreover, the horizontal force exerted on the ship due to ice crushing is significantly greater than that resulting from its bending failure.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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