JIA Bin(1994-), male, Ph.D. candidate
JU Lei(1986-), male, Ph.D., associate professor, E-mail: julei@hrbeu.edu.cn.
Ships navigating in ice-covered regions will inevitably collide with ice ridges. Compared to other ice bodies, ice ridges exhibit more complicated mechanical behaviors due to the scale and structure characteristics. In this paper, nonlinear finite element method is used to investigate the interaction between a polar ship and an ice ridge. The ice ridge is modelled as elastic-plastic material based on Drucker-Prager yield function, with the consideration of the influence of cohesion, friction angle and material hardening. The material model is developed in LS-DYNA and solved using semi-implicit mapping algorithm.The stress distribution of ice ridge and ship, and the ice load history are evaluated through the simulation of multiple collisions. In addition, parametric analysis is performed to investigate the influence of ridge thickness and impact velocity on the ice load and energy absorption.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |