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Free surface impact of complex structures, such as airdrop torpedo, the diving of unmanned underwater vehicles, and the water impact of high-speed ships, has always been a research hotspot in the field of ocean engineering. This paper presents the simulation of water impact of complex structures by combining the ghost cell method and the gradient augmented level set method (GALS). A time semi-implicit finite difference method was used to solve the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, the ghost cell method was used to enforce the no-slip boundary conditions by interface reconstruction, and the gradient augmented level set method was used to capture nonlinear free surfaces such as wave overturning and jet flows. The slamming of a two-dimensional cylinder at constant speed was simulated to validate the accuracy of this numerical method by comparing the present results with the experimental data. Upon simulation of the slamming of a two-dimensional hull section, the variation rules of the impulsive pressure, the motion response, the pressure distribution, and the free surface motion with respect to the relative impact angle were analyzed. Also, some typical impact phenomena were observed such as the flow separation, the jet flow, and the ventilation for a small impact angle.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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