In ocean engineering and coastal protection, a precise understanding of the interaction mechanism between breaking waves and offshore structures is a fundamental scientific issue for ensuring operational safety and enhancing protection efficiency. Based on the open-source computational fluid dynamics platform OpenFOAM, this study innovatively combines the thincFoam solver using the THINC/QQ interface capturing scheme with a stable k-ω SST turbulence model to develop a high-fidelity numerical framework for the detailed simulation of wave breaking processes. The proposed model achieves high-resolution capture and quantitative analysis of key physical parameters during wave breaking, including the evolution of free-surface morphology, dynamic flow field structures, pressure peak characteristics, and energy dissipation mechanisms. Numerical verification demonstrates that the proposed model has excellent predictive ability for solitary wave propagation, accurately reproducing the free-surface elevation as well as the spatio-temporal distribution of the velocity and pressure fields. Through systematic numerical experiments, this study elucidates the multi-scale wave dissipation mechanisms of pile-type breakwaters under solitary wave action: Turbulent mixture induced by free-surface fragmentation, oscillatory jets generated in the gaps between piles, vortex structures formed in the wake region, and wave breaking caused by nonlinear interactions between backflow and the remaining wave body. These processes collectively constitute a multiphysics synergy mechanism for wave energy dissipation. The findings not only provide a theoretical foundation for the optimized design of pile-type breakwaters but also offer an effective numerical tool for simulating wave-structure interactions, contributing to the theoretical development and technological progress in the field of ocean engineering.