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In the teaching of demolition blasting, the structure modeling period and the cost of single experiment are both too excessive, and the experiment cannot be repeated in a short time. In addition, the experiment is transient, irreversible, and dangerous, which is not conducive to close observation and learning. Aiming at the difficult problems of experimental teaching in blasting demolition engineering, a platform of virtual simulation experiment is established for teaching design schemes. Firstly, through the two interactive operation links of “toppling scheme selection” and “cut design”, the learners can master the basis for the selection of toppling scheme and the design method of blasting cut, and understand the design content of blasting cut such as cut shape, orientation window and positioning window. It is easy by the platform for the learners to understand the stress conditions for cut design according to the mechanical principle of chimney toppling. They also should be familiar with the knowledge of tension zone, compression zone and neutral axis, and master the calculation formula of the extreme stress of the cut section and the application of strength conditions. Secondly, the platform system can make the learners participate in the design of powder factor, blast hole parameters and initiation network through “blasting parameter design”, and correctly select the detonators inside and outside hole. Then, through the interactive learning of “safety check” and “arrangement of shock absorption measures”, the learners can master the data collection steps, the safety check methods and measures to control the negative blasting effects. Finally, the learners can experience the on-site blasting operation process by the “blasting site” module, and gradually establish their understanding of the blasting operation process by participating in the design and organizing each construction step. In addition, the experimental system has a knowledge introduction for each module, which is convenient for learners to learn independently. The construction of the virtual simulation experiment platform not only optimizes the teaching methods, but also improves the teaching quality, and enriches the characteristics and innovative ideas of the experiment teaching of engineering blasting.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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