In this paper, the whole process flow of development, production and applications for 500 m finished rail in iron and steel enterprises is studied. The large-scale, standardized and continuous production technological system of 500 m rail is established through production process control of series of rails as well as optimization, adjustment and control of joints combining with single system quality control. The production operation modes of 100 m and 500 m rails are realized so that the goals of the shortest transfer process of production materials as well as low carbon and green for long rails have been realized in the enterprise. The control goals that sulphur content of heavy rail steel≤0.005%, ratio of equiaxed crystal for continuous casting billet reaches 42% and segregation index of manganese for rail≤1.03 are realized through deep desulfurization of refining, tundish metallurgy and narrow composition control; dimensional deviation of rail height at both ends of head and tail for 100 m rail is ensured to be ≤0.40 mm as well as differences of high-low points at the ends are ≤0.20 mm based on high precision rolling technology of rail; joint quality is effectively improved and qualified rate of joint could reach over 99% combining with rail production quality improvement and welding process optimization.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |