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Plectranthias kamii Randll, 1980 (Perciformes: Serranidae) collected from Bitung, North Sulawesi: first record from the Southwest Pacific Ocean
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Teguh PERISTIWADY1, Jianguo DU2, *, Frensly Damianus HUKOM3, Petrus Christianus MAKATIPU1, Kar Hoe LOH4
Acta Oceanologica Sinica | 2018, 37(12) : 73 - 77
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Acta Oceanologica Sinica | 2018, 37(12): 73-77
• Coastal Environment and Biodiversity in North Sulawesi, Indonesia •
Plectranthias kamii Randll, 1980 (Perciformes: Serranidae) collected from Bitung, North Sulawesi: first record from the Southwest Pacific Ocean
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Teguh PERISTIWADY1, Jianguo DU2, *, Frensly Damianus HUKOM3, Petrus Christianus MAKATIPU1, Kar Hoe LOH4
Affiliations
  • 1 Bitung Marine Life Conservation, Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Bitung 97255, Indonesia
  • 2 Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
  • 3 Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia
  • 4 Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
Published: 2018-12-25 doi: 10.1007/s13131-018-1289-y
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Three specimens of the serranid fish (Serranidae), Plectranthias kamii Randall, 1980 were collected from fish market, Bitung, North Sulawesi on May and June 2010. Some morphological characters P. kamii is closely related to P. sheni, P. megalophthalmus, P. retrofasciatus, P. rubrifasciatus, P. knappi, P. helenae, P. pelicieri, P. jothyi, P. retrofasciatus and P. randalli in sharing of body width, upper jaw length, pelvic spine length and orbit diameter. Meristic count characters of P. kamii differ from P. sheni, P. pilicieri, P. megalophthalmus, P. retrofasciatus and P. rubrifasciatus in having more numerous dorsal spine (18 vs. 15–17) and below lateral line (33–34 vs. 29–33) and differ from P. megalophthalmus and P. rubrifasciatus in having more numerous pored scales in lateral line (13 vs. 14–15) and shorter of anal spine. The present anthiine fish collected from Bitung, Indonesia was described as new record and bringing the total number of species of this genus known in Indonesia to seven.

Anthinae  /  Indonesia  /  new record  /  Plectranthias kamii  /  Serranidae
Teguh PERISTIWADY, Jianguo DU, Frensly Damianus HUKOM, Petrus Christianus MAKATIPU, Kar Hoe LOH. Plectranthias kamii Randll, 1980 (Perciformes: Serranidae) collected from Bitung, North Sulawesi: first record from the Southwest Pacific Ocean[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2018 , 37 (12) : 73 -77 . DOI: 10.1007/s13131-018-1289-y
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1 Introduction
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The genus Plectranthias Bleeker, 1873 (Serranidae) generally belongs to small size species of serranid fish living in hard-bottom habitat and occurs in waters beyond scuba-diving depths. Moreover, this genus of fish is not well represented in museum collections which some species were described as a new species from a single specimen or one or two localities (Randall, 1980).
Randall (1980) revised the genus and recognized 30 species as valid. Since his revision, 19 new species of the genus were described (Randall, 1996; Wu et al., 2011; Anderson and Heemstra, 2012; Williams et al., 2013).
In Indonesian waters, six species of Plectranthias have been reported by Randall (1980, 1996), Chen and Shao (2002), Allen and Adrim (2003) and Peristiwady et al. (2014): P. anthioides (Günther, 1872), P. inermis Randall, 1980, P. megalepis (Günther, 1880), P. randalli Fourmanoir & Rivaton, 1980, P. retrofasciatus Fourmanoir & Randall, 1979, and P. whiteheadi Randall, 1980.
During the fishermen’s catch collection survey in Bitung, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, three specimens of Plectranthias kamii were collected.
The species has been previously known only from the Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan Island, Ogasawara Islands, America Samoa, French Polynesia, Marshal Islands, New Caledonia, Micronesia. The Indonesian specimens, herein described, represents the first record of the species in the Southwest Pacific Ocean and brings the total number of species of this genus recorded from Indonesia to seven.
Plectranthias kamii has been recorded from Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands (Randall, 1980, 1996; Nakabo, 2002), Ogasawara Islands (Randall et al., 1997), Taiwan Island (Shen and Lin, 1984; Chen and Shao, 2002), America Samoa (Wass, 1984), French Polynesia (Randall, 1996), Guam (Myers, 1999), Marshall Islands (Randall et al., 2005), Yaku-shima (Motomura et al., 2010), New Caledonia (Fricke et al., 2011), Micronesia (Myers, 1999) and now was collected from off of Bitung, North Sulawesi, Indonesia.
2 Materials and methods
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Methods of counting and measuring followed Randall (1980). All measurements were made with digital calipers to the nearest 0.01 mm. Cyanine blue was used to examine scale counts. Standard and head lengths are abbreviated as SL and HL, respectively. Institutional codes follow Eschmeyer and Fricke (2015) with additional abbreviations as follow: LBRC-F (the Reference Collection of LIPI Bitung, Technical Implementation Unit for Marine Biota Conservation, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Bitung, Indonesia). Morphometric data and meristic counts for P. megalophthalmus, P. retrofasciatus, P. rubrifasciatus (Fourmanoir and Randall, 1979), P. kamii, P. knappi, P. helenae (Randall, 1980), P. pelicieri (Randall and Shimizu, 1994), P. jothyi (Randall, 1996), P. sheni and P. kamii (Chen and Shao, 2002), P. retrofasciatus and P. randalli (Peristiwady et al., 2014) were used as comparison data proportional.
Plectranthias kamii Randall, 1980
(Figs 1 and 2; Table 1)
Plectranthias kamii Randall, 1980: 141, Fig. 14 (type locality: Naha fish market, Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands); Katayama in Masuda et al., 1984: 134 (Ryukyu Islands); Shen and Lin, 1984: 9 (Taiwan Island), Wass, 1984 (America Samoa); Randall, 1996: 118 (Ryukyu Islands); Randall, 1996 (French Polynesia); Randall et al., 1997 (Ogasawara Island); Myers, 1999 (Micronesia); Chen and Shao, 2002: 65 (Taiwan Island); Nakabo, 2002 (Japan); Motomura et al., 2010: 99 (Japan); Randall et al., 2005 (Marshall Islands); Fricke et al., 2011 (New Caledonia).
Plectranthias anthioides (Günther, 1872): Lee, 1990: 13 (Taiwan Island); Yoshino, 1972: 50 (Mekura-Sone, off Yonaguni Island, Ryukyu Islands).
3 Material examined
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LBRC-F 1530, 149.34 mm SL, Girian fish market, Bitung, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, hook and line, no detail data on depth, 20 May 2010, purchased by T. Peristiwady; LBRC-F 1614 (224.5 mm SL) and LBRC-F 1615 (222.0 mm SL), Girian fish market, Bitung, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, hook and line, no detail data on depth, 12 June 2010, purchased by T. Peristiwady.
4 Description
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Dorsal-fin rays X, 18; anal-fin rays III, 6–7; pectoral-fin rays 13 (uppermost un-branched); pored lateral-line scales 32–34; scales above lateral line to origin of dorsal fin 3.5–5; scales below lateral line to origin of anal fin 13–16; gill rakers 6+12=18.
Body depth 2.3–2.6 (2.5) in SL; body width 0.4–0.5 (0.4) in body depth; head length 2.2–2.4 (2.3) in SL; snout length 3.4–3.9 (3.7) in HL; orbit diameter 4.1–4.5 (4.3) in HL; upper jaw length 2.0–2.1 (2.1) in HL; interorbital width 6.6–11.7 (8.4) in HL; depth of caudal peduncle 3.4–3.6 (3.6) in HL; length of caudal peduncle 2.2–2.2 (2.2) in HL.
Dorsal profile of head nearly straight, forming an angle of about 50° to the horizontal. Interorbital space slightly convex. Mouth terminal, oblique and moderately large; posterior margin of maxilla nearly reaching to a vertical through posterior of orbit. Stout canine tooth on each side at front of upper jaw; a pair of canines nearly half way back on each side of lower jaw. Anterior nostrils with membranes forming a tube in front of eye; posterior nostril obliquely upward and behind anterior nostril; distance between anterior and posterior nostrils about half distance between posterior edge of nostril and bony edge of orbit. Opercle with three flat spines; upper most spine blunt; middle spine largest, slightly closer to lower than upper spine; opercular flap not pointed. Preopercular margin serrated. Interopercle and ventral margin of subopercle without serration.
Origin of dorsal fin over second lateral-line scales. Third dorsal-fin spine longest; length of first spine 3.2–3.9 (3.6) mm in third spine; second spine 1.9–2.4 (2.1) mm in third spine; remaining dorsal-fin spines progressively shorter; fifth or sixth dorsal-fin soft ray longest; first dorsal-fin soft ray length slightly more than last dorsal-fin spine length. Origin of anal-fin beneath first to second dorsal-fin soft ray bases; second anal-fin spine longest; second or third anal-fin soft ray longest. Caudal fin weakly emarginated; tip of rays not filamentous. Pectoral-fin ray long, reaching to vertical line of soft anal-fin rays. Pelvic fins if depressed not reaching to anus.
5 Color when fresh (Fig. 1)
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Body pinkish above and whitish below, upper part of body and caudal peduncle with two series of darker orange blotches; first series on nape and upper half of body with eight blotches; second series with four dark red blotches, the latter two fused with upper series at caudal peduncle. Dorsal spine and anal spine reddish. Last seven filaments of dorsal spine, base of dorsal fin rays, middle rays of caudal peduncle yellowish. Pectoral fin rays reddish; base of pectoral fin whitish. Pelvic fin spine and tip of first ray whitish, tip of pelvic fin rays reddish. Anal fin rays yellowish; tip of anal rays reddish. Middle rays of caudal fin yellowish, upper and lower rays reddish. In formalin, body pale; dark orange blotches become blackish.
6 Distribution
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Plectranthias kamii has been recorded from the Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan (Randall, 1980, 1996; Nakabo, 2002), Ogasawara Islands (Randall et al., 1997), Taiwan Island (Shen and Lin, 1984; Chen and Shao, 2002), America Samoa (Wass, 1984), French Polynesia (Randall, 1996), Guam (Myers, 1999), Marshall Islands (Randall et al., 2005), New Caledonia (Fricke et al., 2011), Micronesia (Myers, 1999) and now was collected from off of Bitung, North Sulawesi, Indonesia.
7 Remark
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Comparing to Plectranthias helenae, P. jothyi, P. knappi, P. megalophthalmus, P. pelicieri, P. randalli, P. retrofasciatus, P. rubrifasciatus and P. sheni (Fig. 2), some morphological characters of P. kamii are closely related to those species in sharing of head length (except P. megalophthalmus) (Fig. 2a), body width (Fig. 2b), upper jaw length (Fig. 2c) and dorsal fin base length (except P. knappi) (Fig. 2d). Others different morphological characters are pelvic spine length (Fig. 2e) and orbit diameter (Fig. 2f). Meristic count characters of P. kamii differ from P. megalophthalmus, P. pilicieri, P. retrofasciatus, P. rubrifasciatus and P. sheni in having more numerous dorsal spine (18 vs. 15–17) and below lateral line (33–34 vs. 29–33), and differ from P. megalophthalmus and P. rubrifasciatus in having more numerous pored scales in lateral line (13 vs. 14–15) and shorter of anal spine to the others eight species in the genus.
Acknowledgements
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The authors wish to express sincere gratitude to local fishermen, Embo and Wau from Girian, Bitung, North Sulawesi, Indonesia for their assistance to collect the specimens.
Funding
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  • The Biodiversity Program of Kema and Amurang, Bitung Marine Life Conservation, Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Indonesia; the China-Indonesia Maritime Cooperation Fund Project “China-Indonesia Bitung Ecological Station Establishment”.
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Year 2018 volume 37 Issue 12
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Article Info
doi: 10.1007/s13131-018-1289-y
  • Receive Date：2017-06-15
  • Online Date：2026-04-14
  • Published：2018-12-25
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2017-06-15
  • Accepted：2018-03-20
Funding
The Biodiversity Program of Kema and Amurang, Bitung Marine Life Conservation, Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Indonesia; the China-Indonesia Maritime Cooperation Fund Project “China-Indonesia Bitung Ecological Station Establishment”.
Affiliations
    1 Bitung Marine Life Conservation, Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Bitung 97255, Indonesia
    2 Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
    3 Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia
    4 Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia

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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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