A comparative study on the tolerance of tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) to high carbohydrate and high lipid diets

A comparative study on the tolerance of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to high carbohydrate and high lipid diets

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Lijun Ning^a, Haotian Zhang^a, Xiaoying Chen^b, Jia Zhen^a, Sen Chen^a, Junfeng Guang^a, Chao Xu^a, Yuanyou Li^a^,^*

Animal Nutrition | 2023, 13(1) : 160 - 172

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Animal Nutrition | 2023, 13(1): 160-172

• Original Research Article •

A comparative study on the tolerance of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to high carbohydrate and high lipid diets

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Lijun Ning^a, Haotian Zhang^a, Xiaoying Chen^b, Jia Zhen^a, Sen Chen^a, Junfeng Guang^a, Chao Xu^a, Yuanyou Li^a^,^*

Affiliations

^aUniversity Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University & Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China

^bLaboratory of Aquatic Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

Published: 2023-06-10 doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.01.007

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Abstract

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A 12-wk trial was conducted to compare the tolerance of tilapia to high carbohydrate and high lipid diets. Three isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets, whose carbohydrate and lipid levels were the following: 35.0% and 8% (control), 44.2% and 4% (D1, high carbohydrate), and 25.8% and 12% (D2, high lipid), respectively. Three hundred tilapias (27 ± 0.11 g) were fed the diets for 10 wk (4 replicates per group); 72 fish from the D1 group were continually fed the D1 (D1D1) and 72 fish from the D2 were continually fed the D2 (D2D2) diet for 2 wk (3 replicates each group) to evaluate the tilapia's capacity to tolerate high carbohydrate and high lipid diets, respectively. Another 36 fish from D1 group were continually fed D2 (D1D2) for comparison with D1D1 and D2D2 groups. In phase 1, hepatosomatic index, liver triglycerides (TG), glucose tolerance (GT) and crude protein in the whole body in D1 group were higher than those in D2 group (P < 0.05). During phase 2, D1D1 group had lower feed intake and weight gain, as well as lower serum total protein and albumin than that of D2D2 group (P < 0.05), while its liver glycogen was significantly higher than that in D1D2 and D2D2 groups (P < 0.05). Moreover, serum glucose and GT were higher in D1D1 and D1D2 groups than those in D2D2 group (P < 0.05). By contrast, D2D2 group had significantly higher intraperitoneal fat, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) and liver TG than those in D1D1 group (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of brain npy, hepatic nrf2, gst1 and hepatic transcriptomic data showed that immune-related genes (gama, mrc2, mhc2 and cd163), were downregulated in D1D1 group compared to D2D2 and D1D2 groups. Taken together: 1) tilapia have higher tolerance to a high lipid diet than high carbohydrate diet; 2) despite retention of glucose tolerance, the continuous feeding of D1 diet impaired tilapia's appetite, weight gain rate and host immune response; 3) specific distribution of fat in intraperitoneal regions, SCAT and liver may be a risk-avoidance strategy in tilapia in response to a continuous D2 diet.

Key words

Carbohydrate and lipid / Tilapia / Glucose tolerance / Subcutaneous adipose tissue

Cite this Article

Lijun Ning, Haotian Zhang, Xiaoying Chen, Jia Zhen, Sen Chen, Junfeng Guang, Chao Xu, Yuanyou Li. A comparative study on the tolerance of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to high carbohydrate and high lipid diets[J]. Animal Nutrition, 2023 , 13 (1) : 160 -172 . DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.01.007

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Year 2023 volume 13 Issue 1

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Article Info

doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.01.007

Receive Date：2022-06-10
Online Date：2026-02-03
Published：2023-06-10

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History

Received：2022-06-10
Revised：2022-12-28
Accepted：2023-01-06

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Corresponding:

^* Corresponding author. E-mail address: yyli16@scau.edu.cn (Y. Li).

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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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