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Chemical structure and beneficial roles of active biomacromolecules from Ginseng: a narrative review
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Shi-Lu Li1, Shuai Zhang1, Lu Fu2, Chen Chen3, Wen-Hui Zhang2, *, Wei Li1, 2, *
Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine | 2025, 5(3) : 366 - 378
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Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine | 2025, 5(3): 366-378
• Hundred of herbs •
Chemical structure and beneficial roles of active biomacromolecules from Ginseng: a narrative review
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Shi-Lu Li1, Shuai Zhang1, Lu Fu2, Chen Chen3, Wen-Hui Zhang2, *, Wei Li1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
  • 2College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
  • 3Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
Published: 2025-09-25 doi: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000170
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Biomacromolecules derived from plant-based traditional Chinese medicines play a pivotal role in natural drug research. Ginseng, the root of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, has attracted significant attention due to its diverse pharmacological activities and broad therapeutic applications. This review focuses on specific active macromolecules obtained from ginseng, including pectin, exosomes, proteins, and dietary fibers. These components possess unique structural characteristics and biological activities that offer novel insights into the multifaceted applications of ginseng. To systematically assess this field, we reviewed literature published over the past 60 years and identified 119 relevant studies investigating the structural composition, pharmacological activity, and potential applications of P. ginseng biomacromolecules. By highlighting their crucial role in promoting health and enhancing disease resistance, this review synthesizes the latest research findings on ginseng's pharmacological effects, providing new perspectives and strong theoretical support for clinical drug development.

Dietary fiber  /  Exosomes  /  Ginseng  /  Pectin  /  Proteins  /  Review
Shi-Lu Li, Shuai Zhang, Lu Fu, Chen Chen, Wen-Hui Zhang, Wei Li. Chemical structure and beneficial roles of active biomacromolecules from Ginseng: a narrative review[J]. Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine, 2025 , 5 (3) : 366 -378 . DOI: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000170
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Funding
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  • National Natural Science Foundation of China(82474070)
  • Jilin Science & Technology Development Plan(20230204003YY)
Appendix
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Year 2025 volume 5 Issue 3
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Article Info
doi: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000170
  • Receive Date：2025-06-25
  • Online Date：2026-11-04
  • Published：2025-09-25
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2025-06-25
  • Accepted：2025-08-25
Funding
National Natural Science Foundation of China(82474070)
Jilin Science & Technology Development Plan(20230204003YY)
Affiliations
    1College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Provincial International Joint Research Center for the Development and Utilization of Authentic Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
    2College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
    3Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

Corresponding:

* Wei Li, E-mail: ;
Wen-Hui Zhang, E-mail: .
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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