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Action mechanisms of polysaccharides in Chinese herbal decoctions
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Wenfeng Xu1, 2, Jing Zhao1, 2, 3, 4, *, Shaoping Li1, 2, 3, 4, *
Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine | 2025, 5(1) : 1 - 22
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Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine | 2025, 5(1): 1-22
• Review Articles •
Action mechanisms of polysaccharides in Chinese herbal decoctions
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Wenfeng Xu1, 2, Jing Zhao1, 2, 3, 4, *, Shaoping Li1, 2, 3, 4, *
Affiliations
  • 1Joint Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Glycoengineering and Testing Technology, University of Macau & National Glycoengineering Research Center, Macau, China
  • 2State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau, China
  • 3Macao Centre for Testing of Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau, China
  • 4Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
Published: 2025-03-25 doi: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000147
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Water decoction is the main form of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) administered in clinics. Polysaccharides are major components of decoction. Recent studies reported that polysaccharides possess multiple pharmacological activities. However, the mechanism by which oral Chinese herbal polysaccharides play vital roles in the body remains uncertain. This review discussed the polysaccharides in Chinese herbal decoctions and their effects, direct and indirect. The direct impact of polysaccharides includes being absorbed into the body immunity regulation through Peyer's patches; electrostatic adsorption, hydrophobic interaction, and glycoprotein receptors-induced antibacterial effects; prebiotic functions; gut microbiota structural regulation; and increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria. The indirect effects of the polysaccharides in Chinese herbal decoctions include phytochemical toxicity reduction and activity enhancement. Finally, their clinical and research significance is summarized and future research directions are discussed.

Action mechanisms  /  Decoctions  /  Gut microbiota  /  Polysaccharides  /  Traditional Chinese medicines
Wenfeng Xu, Jing Zhao, Shaoping Li. Action mechanisms of polysaccharides in Chinese herbal decoctions[J]. Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine, 2025 , 5 (1) : 1 -22 . DOI: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000147
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Funding
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  • Science and Technology Development Fund, Macau SAR(0005/2024/AKP; 0075/2022/A; 028/2022/ITP)
  • Zhuhai Science and Technology Plan Project in the Social Development Field(2220004000117)
  • University of Macau(MYRG-GRG2023-00082-ICMS-UMDF; MYRG-GRG2024-00150-ICMS-UMDF; CPG2025-00030-ICMS)
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Year 2025 volume 5 Issue 1
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Article Info
doi: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000147
  • Receive Date：2024-05-30
  • Online Date：2026-11-04
  • Published：2025-03-25
Article Data
Affiliations
History
  • Received：2024-05-30
  • Accepted：2025-02-11
Funding
Science and Technology Development Fund, Macau SAR(0005/2024/AKP; 0075/2022/A; 028/2022/ITP)
Zhuhai Science and Technology Plan Project in the Social Development Field(2220004000117)
University of Macau(MYRG-GRG2023-00082-ICMS-UMDF; MYRG-GRG2024-00150-ICMS-UMDF; CPG2025-00030-ICMS)
Affiliations
    1Joint Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Glycoengineering and Testing Technology, University of Macau & National Glycoengineering Research Center, Macau, China
    2State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau, China
    3Macao Centre for Testing of Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau, China
    4Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China

Corresponding:

* Shaoping Li, E-mail: ;
Jing Zhao, E-mail: .
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Citations
表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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