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Traditional Chinese medicine for chronic fatigue syndrome: theoretical foundations, mechanisms, and clinical management approaches
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Bowen Yang1, Tianlin Wang2, Ke Xiong1, Xueqi Ding1, Mengrui Zhang3, Honglin Chen4, 5, Ming Huang1, *, Xiaohao Wu6, 7, *
Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine | 2025, 5(4) : 420 - 442
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Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine | 2025, 5(4): 420-442
• Review Articles •
Traditional Chinese medicine for chronic fatigue syndrome: theoretical foundations, mechanisms, and clinical management approaches
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Bowen Yang1, Tianlin Wang2, Ke Xiong1, Xueqi Ding1, Mengrui Zhang3, Honglin Chen4, 5, Ming Huang1, *, Xiaohao Wu6, 7, *
Affiliations
  • 1Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
  • 2Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
  • 3Quantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
  • 4Department of Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
  • 5Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
  • 6Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
  • 7VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
About Author:

Bowen Yang and Tianlin Wang contributed equally to this study.

Published: 2025-12-25 doi: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000180
Outline
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Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), a complex, debilitating disorder that significantly challenges global health systems, is characterized by unrelenting fatigue, cognitive disturbances, and a series of other symptoms that do not improve with rest. While the etiology of CFS remains unclear, emerging research underscores the involvement of neuroendocrine-immune network disruption, metabolic irregularities, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Current treatments for CFS range from pharmacological interventions, such as anti-depressant and immunosuppressant therapies, to non-pharmacological therapies like cognitive behavioral therapy and graded exercise, but these approaches often fall short in fully alleviating symptoms due to various side effects and limited efficacy. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), with its unique therapeutic approach involving herbal medicines, acupuncture, and massage, presents a promising alternative by addressing underlying imbalances, enhancing quality of life, and potentially mitigating fatigue symptoms. This review delves into the efficacy of TCM in managing CFS and the possible underlying mechanisms, highlights recent advancements, and advocates for rigorous clinical trials to help solidify its role in integrative healthcare. By bridging contemporary research with traditional modalities, this paper aims to expand the therapeutic strategies against CFS, offering new hope for comprehensive, effective management.

Acupuncture  /  Complementary therapies  /  Fatigue  /  Herbal medicine  /  TCM
Bowen Yang, Tianlin Wang, Ke Xiong, Xueqi Ding, Mengrui Zhang, Honglin Chen, Ming Huang, Xiaohao Wu. Traditional Chinese medicine for chronic fatigue syndrome: theoretical foundations, mechanisms, and clinical management approaches[J]. Acupuncture and Herbal Medicine, 2025 , 5 (4) : 420 -442 . DOI: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000180
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Funding
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  • Stanford Translational Research and Applied Medicine Pilot Grant(PR1056869)
  • Stanford School of Medicine Dean's Postdoctoral Fellowship(1044758-312-KARWY)
  • Tianjin Municipal Education Commission Scientific Research Plan Project(2022KJ146)
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Year 2025 volume 5 Issue 4
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Article Info
doi: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000180
  • Receive Date：2024-07-01
  • Online Date：2026-11-04
  • Published：2025-12-25
Article Data
Affiliations
History
  • Received：2024-07-01
  • Accepted：2025-11-19
Funding
Stanford Translational Research and Applied Medicine Pilot Grant(PR1056869)
Stanford School of Medicine Dean's Postdoctoral Fellowship(1044758-312-KARWY)
Tianjin Municipal Education Commission Scientific Research Plan Project(2022KJ146)
Affiliations
    1Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
    2Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
    3Quantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
    4Department of Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
    5Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
    6Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
    7VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA

Corresponding:

* Ming Huang, E-mail: ;
Xiaohao Wu, E-mail: .
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
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Number of
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Number of
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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