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Article(id=1256536360480027077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, issueId=1256536349243523385, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.02.009, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1737820800000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-26, revisedDate=1741536000000, revisedDateStr=2025-03-10, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1777511213655, onlineDateStr=2026-04-30, pubDate=1776182400000, pubDateStr=2026-04-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1777511213655, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-04-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1777511213655, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1777511213655, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1256536349243523385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, year='2026', volume='42', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='264', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1777511210976, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1777511532015, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1256537695891874281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, issueId=1256536349243523385, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1256537695891874282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, issueId=1256536349243523385, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=74, endPage=81, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1256536361377608145, articleId=1256536360480027077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, language=EN, title=Multi-Location Evaluation of Yield and Ecological Adaptability for New Adzuki Bean Varieties (Lines), columnId=null, journalTitle=Crops, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To identify superior adzuki bean varieties suitable for planting in different regions, a multi- environment evaluation of 27 new adzuki bean varieties (lines) was conducted at 18 test sites nationwide from 2022 to 2023, to systematically analyzed the variations in main agronomic traits and yields of these varieties (lines) across different ecological zones. The results showed that there were significant differences in the agronomic traits and yields of the new adzuki bean varieties (lines) across different test sites and ecological zones. Traits such as the number of main stem branches, plant height, and number of pods per plant had strong environmental interaction effects (coefficient of variation >30%), while traits like growth period, pod length, and 100-grain weight showed higher genetic stability (coefficient of variation <15%). Nine varieties, including Baohong 201429-8, Chihong 3 and Tanghong 201301-2, showed yield increases of 0.29%-8.79% compared with the control. Baohong 201429-8 and Tanghong 201509-12 exhibited both high yield and broad adaptability.

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为筛选适宜不同区域种植的优良小豆品种，于2022-2023年在全国范围内18个试验点对27个小豆新品种（系）开展多环境联合鉴定，系统分析不同生态区间小豆品种（系）的主要农艺性状变异及产量。结果表明，不同试点和生态区间的小豆新品种（系）农艺性状和产量均存在显著差异，其中主茎分枝数、株高和单株荚数等性状的环境互作效应较强（变异系数>30.0%），而生育期、荚长和百粒重等性状遗传稳定性较高（变异系数<15.0%）。保红201429-8、赤红3号和唐红201301-2等9个品种较对照平均增产0.29%~8.79%。保红201429-8和唐红201509-12兼具高产性与广适性。

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陈红霖，研究方向为食用豆类种质资源，E-mail：
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胡亮亮，主要从事食用豆类种质资源创新与利用研究，E-mail：

, authorsList=胡亮亮, 曹榕, 陈天晓, 宋倩楠, 王素华, 程须珍, 王丽侠, 陈红霖)}, authors=[Author(id=1256536375516607092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=hu15101081634@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1256536376426771079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, authorId=1256536375516607092, language=EN, stringName=Liangliang Hu, firstName=Liangliang, middleName=null, lastName=Hu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Northeast Asia Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center, Beijing 100081, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1256536377370489494, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, authorId=1256536375516607092, language=CN, stringName=胡亮亮, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/中国农业科学院东北亚农业科技创新中心， 100081， 北京, bio={"content":"

胡亮亮，主要从事食用豆类种质资源创新与利用研究，E-mail：

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胡亮亮，主要从事食用豆类种质资源创新与利用研究，E-mail：

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Short-day photoperiod effects on plant growth, flower bud differentiation, and yield formation in adzuki bean (Vigna angularis). International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 2016, 18(2):337-345., articleTitle=Short-day photoperiod effects on plant growth, flower bud differentiation, and yield formation in adzuki bean (Vigna angularis), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536487307391562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=14, issue=5, pageStart=794, pageEnd=799, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=26, authorNames=王丽侠, 程须珍, 王素华, journalName=植物遗传资源学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王丽侠, 程须珍, 王素华, 等. 我国小豆应用核心种质的生态适应性及评价利用. 植物遗传资源学报, 2013, 14(5):794-799., articleTitle=我国小豆应用核心种质的生态适应性及评价利用, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536487600992850, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2003, volume=增1, issue=null, pageStart=93, pageEnd=95, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=27, authorNames=田静, 范保洁, 程须珍, journalName=华北农学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=田静, 范保洁, 程须珍, 等. 小豆种质资源异地繁殖的可行性分析. 华北农学报, 2003( 增1):93-95., articleTitle=小豆种质资源异地繁殖的可行性分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536487764570712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=51, issue=10, pageStart=2581, pageEnd=2594, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=28, authorNames=胡亮亮, 周洪妹, 王晓磊, journalName=作物学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=胡亮亮, 周洪妹, 王晓磊, 等. 小豆产量相关性状的基因型与环境互作效应及稳定性分析. 作物学报, 2025, 51(10):2581-2594., articleTitle=小豆产量相关性状的基因型与环境互作效应及稳定性分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536487986868830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2025, volume=26, issue=7, pageStart=1342, pageEnd=1354, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[30], rfOrder=29, authorNames=胡亮亮, 陈燕华, 王成, journalName=植物遗传资源学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=胡亮亮, 陈燕华, 王成, 等. 小豆种质资源产量性状的多环境评价与优异种质筛选. 植物遗传资源学报, 2025, 26(7):1342-1354., articleTitle=小豆种质资源产量性状的多环境评价与优异种质筛选, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536488104309345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=203, issue=null, pageStart=103521, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[31], rfOrder=30, authorNames=Li Y B, Tao F L, journalName=Agricultural Systems, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li Y B, Tao F L. Interactions of genotype, environment and management on wheat traits and grain yield variations in different climate zones across China. Agricultural Systems, 2022, 203:103521., articleTitle=Interactions of genotype, environment and management on wheat traits and grain yield variations in different climate zones across China, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536488221749864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=47, issue=11, pageStart=1844, pageEnd=1848, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=31, authorNames=陈燕华, 罗高玲, 李经成, journalName=南方农业学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈燕华, 罗高玲, 李经成, 等. 13个小豆新品系在广西地区的引种试验. 南方农业学报, 2016, 47(11):1844-1848., articleTitle=13个小豆新品系在广西地区的引种试验, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1256536488355967594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=46, issue=7, pageStart=1092, pageEnd=1096, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[33], rfOrder=32, authorNames=张春明, 张耀文, 赵雪英, journalName=山西农业科学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张春明, 张耀文, 赵雪英, 等. 小豆品种联合鉴定试验与评价. 山西农业科学, 2018, 46(7):1092-1096., articleTitle=小豆品种联合鉴定试验与评价, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1256536466545586524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, awardId=CARS-08, language=CN, fundingSource=国家食用豆产业技术体系(CARS-08), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1256536374266704481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1256536374648386147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, companyId=1256536374266704481, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Northeast Asia Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center, Beijing 100081, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1256536374824546918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, companyId=1256536374266704481, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/中国农业科学院东北亚农业科技创新中心， 100081， 北京)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1256536441945993347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Trait differences of new adzuki bean varieties (lines) across different ecological regions

A: Northern Spring Sowing Area, B: Northern Summer Sowing Area, C: Southern Area.“*”indicates significant difference at P < 0.05 level,“**”indicates extremely significant difference at P < 0.01 level, ns indicates no significant difference. The same below.

, figureFileSmall=Nk4Ju1eV1Vcw7EdQF1bXTg==, figureFileBig=zfVgrqHnc2j2Gpo4J2MFtQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536443883761805, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同生态区间小豆新品种（系）的性状差异

A：北方春播区，B：北方夏播区，C：南方区。“*”表示在P < 0.05水平上差异显著，“**”表示在P < 0.01水平上差异极显著，ns表示无显著差异。下同。

, figureFileSmall=Nk4Ju1eV1Vcw7EdQF1bXTg==, figureFileBig=zfVgrqHnc2j2Gpo4J2MFtQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536448564605099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Yield performance of new adzuki bean varieties (lines) from different sources across various ecological regions, figureFileSmall=A2+O2J8mYsmPrzZ3WxnMpw==, figureFileBig=Zg/3yV/85M/rviQT69Zp2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536450699505848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不同来源小豆新品种（系）在不同生态区的产量表现, figureFileSmall=A2+O2J8mYsmPrzZ3WxnMpw==, figureFileBig=Zg/3yV/85M/rviQT69Zp2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1256536451722916036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Test varieties (lines) and their sources

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号
Number		 品种（系）
Variety (line)		 来源
Origin
1 龙11-203 黑龙江省农业科学院作物育种研究所
2 龙11-805 黑龙江省农业科学院作物育种研究所
3 H1016 吉林省农业科学院
4 H1007 吉林省农业科学院
5 182-320 黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院
6 195-609 黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院
7 辽红08704-05 辽宁省农业科学院
8 辽红08706-12 辽宁省农业科学院
9 赤红3号 内蒙古赤峰市农牧科学研究院
10 品红2020-21-12-8-11 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所
11 品红2020-4-7-2 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所
12 品红2019-3-3-1 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所
13 品红2019-22-14-12 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所
14 冀红0921反-4-1-3-3-4 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所
15 冀红1105反-5-4-1-2 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所
16 保红201432-8 保定市农业科学院
17 保红201429-8 保定市农业科学院
18 唐红201301-2 唐山市农业科学院
19 唐红201509-12 唐山市农业科学院
20 同红6号 山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所
21 同红7号 山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所
22 苏红17-606 江苏省农业科学院
23 陇红3号 庆阳市农业科学院
24 贵红2号 毕节市农业科学研究所
25 贵红3号 毕节市农业科学研究所
26 桂红20-9-1 广西省农业科学院水稻研究所
27 桂红20-21-1 广西省农业科学院水稻研究所
), ArticleFig(id=1256536452289147083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

参试品种（系）及其来源

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号
Number		 品种（系）
Variety (line)		 来源
Origin
1 龙11-203 黑龙江省农业科学院作物育种研究所
2 龙11-805 黑龙江省农业科学院作物育种研究所
3 H1016 吉林省农业科学院
4 H1007 吉林省农业科学院
5 182-320 黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院
6 195-609 黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院
7 辽红08704-05 辽宁省农业科学院
8 辽红08706-12 辽宁省农业科学院
9 赤红3号 内蒙古赤峰市农牧科学研究院
10 品红2020-21-12-8-11 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所
11 品红2020-4-7-2 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所
12 品红2019-3-3-1 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所
13 品红2019-22-14-12 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所
14 冀红0921反-4-1-3-3-4 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所
15 冀红1105反-5-4-1-2 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所
16 保红201432-8 保定市农业科学院
17 保红201429-8 保定市农业科学院
18 唐红201301-2 唐山市农业科学院
19 唐红201509-12 唐山市农业科学院
20 同红6号 山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所
21 同红7号 山西省农业科学院高寒区作物研究所
22 苏红17-606 江苏省农业科学院
23 陇红3号 庆阳市农业科学院
24 贵红2号 毕节市农业科学研究所
25 贵红3号 毕节市农业科学研究所
26 桂红20-9-1 广西省农业科学院水稻研究所
27 桂红20-21-1 广西省农业科学院水稻研究所
), ArticleFig(id=1256536452784074964, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

The sowing period at 18 test sites

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号
Number		 试验点
Test site		 播种期Sowing period
2022 2023
北方春播区Northern Spring Sowing Area
E1 黑龙江哈尔滨 05-15 05-16
E2 黑龙江齐齐哈尔 05-18 05-18
E3 吉林长春 05-28 05-22
E4 辽宁沈阳 06-11 05-25
E5 内蒙古呼和浩特 05-10 05-15
E6 内蒙古赤峰 05-25 05-12
E7 山西太原 05-22 06-06
E8 山西大同 05-19 05-21
E9 河北张家口 05-14 05-16
E10 陕西榆林 05-11 05-17
北方夏播区Northern Summer Sowing Area
E11 河北保定 06-26 06-21
E12 河北石家庄 06-23 06-25
E13 河北唐山 06-24 06-24
E14 北京 06-18 06-18
南方区South Region
E15 江苏南京 06-22 07-25
E16 贵州毕节 04-26 05-06
E17 重庆 06-14 05-15
E18 广西南宁 07-08 07-29
), ArticleFig(id=1256536455313240286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

18个试验点播种期

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号
Number		 试验点
Test site		 播种期Sowing period
2022 2023
北方春播区Northern Spring Sowing Area
E1 黑龙江哈尔滨 05-15 05-16
E2 黑龙江齐齐哈尔 05-18 05-18
E3 吉林长春 05-28 05-22
E4 辽宁沈阳 06-11 05-25
E5 内蒙古呼和浩特 05-10 05-15
E6 内蒙古赤峰 05-25 05-12
E7 山西太原 05-22 06-06
E8 山西大同 05-19 05-21
E9 河北张家口 05-14 05-16
E10 陕西榆林 05-11 05-17
北方夏播区Northern Summer Sowing Area
E11 河北保定 06-26 06-21
E12 河北石家庄 06-23 06-25
E13 河北唐山 06-24 06-24
E14 北京 06-18 06-18
南方区South Region
E15 江苏南京 06-22 07-25
E16 贵州毕节 04-26 05-06
E17 重庆 06-14 05-15
E18 广西南宁 07-08 07-29
), ArticleFig(id=1256536456189849838, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Analysis of main agronomic trait variations of new adzuki bean varieties (lines) among different test sites

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号
Number		 参数
Parameter		 生育期
Growth
period (d)		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 主茎节数
Number of main
stem nodes		 主茎分枝数
Number of main
stem branches		 单株荚数
Number of
pods per plant		 荚长
Pod length
(cm)		 单荚粒数
Number of
grains per pod		 百粒重
100-grain
weight (g)
E1 最小值 111.5 61.0 14.5 1.4 15.6 7.8 6.2 10.9
最大值 127.0 155.3 19.6 3.1 37.7 10.1 8.1 17.8
平均值 121.1 114.2 16.9 2.2 24.6 8.9 7.3 14.1
E2 最小值 99.5 29.5 12.6 0.6 8.5 7.6 5.2 7.8
最大值 124.5 80.8 16.4 2.7 20.7 10.0 8.2 19.6
平均值 117.8 59.7 14.3 1.6 13.8 8.8 6.7 13.9
E3 最小值 101.5 33.7 11.5 1.0 2.0 5.9 7.6 8.3
最大值 112.5 79.9 20.9 3.0 28.0 9.0 10.1 19.2
平均值 107.0 56.2 15.6 2.2 15.4 7.6 9.1 12.7
E4 最小值 81.5 53.5 16.2 2.7 20.4 7.7 5.8 9.9
最大值 100.0 110.9 22.6 5.0 55.7 10.3 8.7 19.0
平均值 93.0 69.8 19.0 4.0 36.1 9.1 7.7 13.5
E5 最小值 115.0 46.1 11.1 5.5 27.2 7.9 5.6 9.7
最大值 122.0 93.8 15.6 8.3 48.3 11.4 8.7 19.5
平均值 118.2 71.6 13.2 7.2 36.2 9.1 7.1 15.0
E6 最小值 105.0 55.5 14.0 2.0 12.0 9.9 9.0 12.2
最大值 128.5 142.7 20.0 4.7 44.3 13.7 12.3 20.3
平均值 115.0 84.9 16.5 3.7 32.5 12.1 10.7 15.5
E7 最小值 97.5 35.5 12.7 1.8 4.9 7.9 6.0 9.4
最大值 124.0 85.9 18.4 4.9 38.7 12.3 8.6 23.1
平均值 107.8 52.8 15.3 2.9 19.5 9.0 7.1 16.7
E8 最小值 98.0 31.7 9.2 1.9 2.1 8.0 6.2 8.2
最大值 110.0 101.7 17.0 6.1 65.0 10.0 8.8 18.4
平均值 103.9 60.2 12.9 3.6 37.8 9.1 7.6 13.5
E9 最小值 93.0 40.6 11.9 1.2 7.0 7.8 5.5 8.5
最大值 124.0 111.0 19.1 3.8 34.2 9.5 8.5 19.8
平均值 106.2 71.4 15.4 2.1 24.1 8.6 7.1 13.6
E10 最小值 88.0 12.9 3.2 2.0 10.6 5.9 5.5 5.2
最大值 122.0 68.2 11.6 7.5 43.5 8.6 8.9 17.5
平均值 102.7 35.1 7.0 3.2 27.6 7.8 7.3 11.8
E11 最小值 87.0 28.7 12.6 1.7 12.4 6.7 6.1 7.4
最大值 102.0 81.3 20.3 4.1 39.2 9.2 8.8 18.3
平均值 94.6 56.2 17.2 2.7 28.0 8.2 7.0 12.6
E12 最小值 80.0 28.3 13.8 1.1 17.3 6.7 5.3 6.7
最大值 104.0 103.3 23.6 5.4 62.6 8.7 8.7 16.1
平均值 88.1 49.6 18.6 2.8 38.7 8.0 6.6 12.1
E13 最小值 82.0 43.2 15.5 1.6 18.8 6.5 6.1 6.0
最大值 98.5 84.9 23.7 4.9 38.8 9.0 8.8 18.5
平均值 89.2 62.1 19.9 3.2 26.2 7.7 7.2 13.2
E14 最小值 95.0 28.7 11.7 1.3 16.7 5.7 4.7 7.4
最大值 125.0 87.0 20.7 7.0 61.3 8.9 9.0 21.0
平均值 108.0 55.4 16.5 3.5 35.4 7.4 6.4 13.5
E15 最小值 84.5 31.4 12.7 2.7 16.5 6.3 6.0 6.5
最大值 95.5 61.8 17.0 5.5 46.9 8.4 8.8 17.2
平均值 90.9 43.6 14.3 4.0 26.2 7.6 7.3 11.7
E16 最小值 104.5 28.7 6.9 0.9 12.0 6.8 3.9 8.8
最大值 114.5 58.0 13.0 4.0 33.3 9.7 6.5 19.5
平均值 109.2 36.6 8.8 2.1 20.1 8.1 5.1 13.4
E17 最小值 102.0 29.3 10.1 0.3 8.5 5.9 4.4 9.5
最大值 126.5 57.2 19.8 4.3 29.6 9.7 8.2 24.9
平均值 117.4 42.9 14.8 2.0 16.2 7.9 6.4 16.7
E18 最小值 69.0 15.1 11.0 0.1 17.4 6.4 5.7 4.8
最大值 75.0 43.9 20.7 1.8 65.7 9.4 10.8 12.7
平均值 71.9 31.7 16.0 1.0 42.7 7.7 7.7 9.1
变异系数Cofficient variation (%) 12.3 32.8 20.9 43.2 30.5 12.3 15.2 13.2
), ArticleFig(id=1256536457376837882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同试点间小豆新品种（系）的主要农艺性状变异分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号
Number		 参数
Parameter		 生育期
Growth
period (d)		 株高
Plant height
(cm)		 主茎节数
Number of main
stem nodes		 主茎分枝数
Number of main
stem branches		 单株荚数
Number of
pods per plant		 荚长
Pod length
(cm)		 单荚粒数
Number of
grains per pod		 百粒重
100-grain
weight (g)
E1 最小值 111.5 61.0 14.5 1.4 15.6 7.8 6.2 10.9
最大值 127.0 155.3 19.6 3.1 37.7 10.1 8.1 17.8
平均值 121.1 114.2 16.9 2.2 24.6 8.9 7.3 14.1
E2 最小值 99.5 29.5 12.6 0.6 8.5 7.6 5.2 7.8
最大值 124.5 80.8 16.4 2.7 20.7 10.0 8.2 19.6
平均值 117.8 59.7 14.3 1.6 13.8 8.8 6.7 13.9
E3 最小值 101.5 33.7 11.5 1.0 2.0 5.9 7.6 8.3
最大值 112.5 79.9 20.9 3.0 28.0 9.0 10.1 19.2
平均值 107.0 56.2 15.6 2.2 15.4 7.6 9.1 12.7
E4 最小值 81.5 53.5 16.2 2.7 20.4 7.7 5.8 9.9
最大值 100.0 110.9 22.6 5.0 55.7 10.3 8.7 19.0
平均值 93.0 69.8 19.0 4.0 36.1 9.1 7.7 13.5
E5 最小值 115.0 46.1 11.1 5.5 27.2 7.9 5.6 9.7
最大值 122.0 93.8 15.6 8.3 48.3 11.4 8.7 19.5
平均值 118.2 71.6 13.2 7.2 36.2 9.1 7.1 15.0
E6 最小值 105.0 55.5 14.0 2.0 12.0 9.9 9.0 12.2
最大值 128.5 142.7 20.0 4.7 44.3 13.7 12.3 20.3
平均值 115.0 84.9 16.5 3.7 32.5 12.1 10.7 15.5
E7 最小值 97.5 35.5 12.7 1.8 4.9 7.9 6.0 9.4
最大值 124.0 85.9 18.4 4.9 38.7 12.3 8.6 23.1
平均值 107.8 52.8 15.3 2.9 19.5 9.0 7.1 16.7
E8 最小值 98.0 31.7 9.2 1.9 2.1 8.0 6.2 8.2
最大值 110.0 101.7 17.0 6.1 65.0 10.0 8.8 18.4
平均值 103.9 60.2 12.9 3.6 37.8 9.1 7.6 13.5
E9 最小值 93.0 40.6 11.9 1.2 7.0 7.8 5.5 8.5
最大值 124.0 111.0 19.1 3.8 34.2 9.5 8.5 19.8
平均值 106.2 71.4 15.4 2.1 24.1 8.6 7.1 13.6
E10 最小值 88.0 12.9 3.2 2.0 10.6 5.9 5.5 5.2
最大值 122.0 68.2 11.6 7.5 43.5 8.6 8.9 17.5
平均值 102.7 35.1 7.0 3.2 27.6 7.8 7.3 11.8
E11 最小值 87.0 28.7 12.6 1.7 12.4 6.7 6.1 7.4
最大值 102.0 81.3 20.3 4.1 39.2 9.2 8.8 18.3
平均值 94.6 56.2 17.2 2.7 28.0 8.2 7.0 12.6
E12 最小值 80.0 28.3 13.8 1.1 17.3 6.7 5.3 6.7
最大值 104.0 103.3 23.6 5.4 62.6 8.7 8.7 16.1
平均值 88.1 49.6 18.6 2.8 38.7 8.0 6.6 12.1
E13 最小值 82.0 43.2 15.5 1.6 18.8 6.5 6.1 6.0
最大值 98.5 84.9 23.7 4.9 38.8 9.0 8.8 18.5
平均值 89.2 62.1 19.9 3.2 26.2 7.7 7.2 13.2
E14 最小值 95.0 28.7 11.7 1.3 16.7 5.7 4.7 7.4
最大值 125.0 87.0 20.7 7.0 61.3 8.9 9.0 21.0
平均值 108.0 55.4 16.5 3.5 35.4 7.4 6.4 13.5
E15 最小值 84.5 31.4 12.7 2.7 16.5 6.3 6.0 6.5
最大值 95.5 61.8 17.0 5.5 46.9 8.4 8.8 17.2
平均值 90.9 43.6 14.3 4.0 26.2 7.6 7.3 11.7
E16 最小值 104.5 28.7 6.9 0.9 12.0 6.8 3.9 8.8
最大值 114.5 58.0 13.0 4.0 33.3 9.7 6.5 19.5
平均值 109.2 36.6 8.8 2.1 20.1 8.1 5.1 13.4
E17 最小值 102.0 29.3 10.1 0.3 8.5 5.9 4.4 9.5
最大值 126.5 57.2 19.8 4.3 29.6 9.7 8.2 24.9
平均值 117.4 42.9 14.8 2.0 16.2 7.9 6.4 16.7
E18 最小值 69.0 15.1 11.0 0.1 17.4 6.4 5.7 4.8
最大值 75.0 43.9 20.7 1.8 65.7 9.4 10.8 12.7
平均值 71.9 31.7 16.0 1.0 42.7 7.7 7.7 9.1
变异系数Cofficient variation (%) 12.3 32.8 20.9 43.2 30.5 12.3 15.2 13.2
), ArticleFig(id=1256536459901808908, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

The yield difference among adzuki bean varieties (lines)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号
Number		 品种（系）
Variety
(line)		 平均产量
Average yield
(kg/hm2)		 较CK增产率
Yield increase
over CK (%)
1 龙11-203 1478.87 -4.82
2 龙11-805 1352.27 -12.97
3 H1016 1253.93 -19.30
4 H1007 1372.48 -11.67
5 182-320 1521.19 -2.09
6 195-609 1649.30 6.15
7 辽红08704-05 1597.64 2.83
8 辽红08706-12 1549.87 -0.25
9 赤红3号 1660.52 6.87
10 品红2020-21-12-8-11 1453.06 -6.48
11 品红2020-4-7-2 1596.75 2.77
12 品红2019-3-3-1 1599.56 2.95
13 品红2019-22-14-12 1349.26 -13.16
14 冀红0921反-4-1-3-3-4 1521.31 -2.09
15 冀红1105反-5-4-1-2 1552.94 -0.05
16 保红201432-8 991.59 -36.18
17 保红201429-8 1690.29 8.79
18 唐红201301-2 1652.24 6.34
19 唐红201509-12 1558.29 0.29
20 同红6号 1440.00 -7.32
21 同红7号 1560.45 0.43
22 苏红17-606 1458.98 -6.10
23 陇红3号 726.35 -53.25
24 贵红2号 815.07 -47.54
25 贵红3号 804.88 -48.20
26 桂红20-9-1 811.19 -47.79
27 桂红20-21-1 1279.59 -17.64
28 冀红352 1553.74 －
), ArticleFig(id=1256536460690338072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同小豆品种（系）间的产量差异

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号
Number		 品种（系）
Variety
(line)		 平均产量
Average yield
(kg/hm2)		 较CK增产率
Yield increase
over CK (%)
1 龙11-203 1478.87 -4.82
2 龙11-805 1352.27 -12.97
3 H1016 1253.93 -19.30
4 H1007 1372.48 -11.67
5 182-320 1521.19 -2.09
6 195-609 1649.30 6.15
7 辽红08704-05 1597.64 2.83
8 辽红08706-12 1549.87 -0.25
9 赤红3号 1660.52 6.87
10 品红2020-21-12-8-11 1453.06 -6.48
11 品红2020-4-7-2 1596.75 2.77
12 品红2019-3-3-1 1599.56 2.95
13 品红2019-22-14-12 1349.26 -13.16
14 冀红0921反-4-1-3-3-4 1521.31 -2.09
15 冀红1105反-5-4-1-2 1552.94 -0.05
16 保红201432-8 991.59 -36.18
17 保红201429-8 1690.29 8.79
18 唐红201301-2 1652.24 6.34
19 唐红201509-12 1558.29 0.29
20 同红6号 1440.00 -7.32
21 同红7号 1560.45 0.43
22 苏红17-606 1458.98 -6.10
23 陇红3号 726.35 -53.25
24 贵红2号 815.07 -47.54
25 贵红3号 804.88 -48.20
26 桂红20-9-1 811.19 -47.79
27 桂红20-21-1 1279.59 -17.64
28 冀红352 1553.74 －
), ArticleFig(id=1256536461915074855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Analysis of yield stability of different adzuki bean varieties (lines)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号
Number		 品种（系）
Variety (line)		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)		 回归系数
βi		 回归残差
δi2		 适应地区
Adaptation region
1 龙11-203 1478.87 1.05 0.22 E1，E2，E3，E4，E9，E14，E16，E17，E18
2 龙11-805 1352.27 0.98 0.18 E1，E2，E4，E6，E7，E9，E15
3 H1016 1253.93 0.92 0.20 E3，E4，E5，E6，E8，E9，E10，E13，E16
4 H1007 1372.48 1.10 0.25 E1，E2，E3，E4，E5，E6，E7，E8，E9，E10，E16
5 182-320 1521.19 1.02 0.15 E1，E2，E3，E4，E5，E6
6 195-609 1649.30 1.08 0.25 E1，E2，E4，E5，E6
7 辽红08704-05 1597.64 1.00 0.20 E1，E2，E3，E4，E5，E6，E9，E10
8 辽红08706-12 1549.87 0.95 0.18 E1，E2，E3，E4，E5，E6，E9
9 赤红3号 1660.52 1.12 0.22 E1，E2，E4，E5，E6，E7，E8，E9
10 品红2020-21-12-8-11 1453.06 0.97 0.20 E2，E5，E7，E10，E11，E12，E14，E15
11 品红2020-4-7-2 1596.75 1.03 0.22 E5，E6，E11，E12，E14，E17
12 品红2019-3-3-1 1599.56 1.02 0.19 E2，E4，E5，E6，E10，E11，E14
13 品红2019-22-14-12 1349.26 0.95 0.25 E5，E6，E7，E8，E10，E11，E13，E14，E15
14 冀红0921反-4-1-3-3-4 1521.31 1.04 0.23 E5，E10，E11，E12，E14，E17
15 冀红1105反-5-4-1-2 1552.94 1.07 0.21 E5，E8，E11，E12，E13，E14，E16，E17，E18
16 保红201432-8 991.59 0.88 0.30 E11，E12，E13，E14，E15，E16，E18
17 保红201429-8 1690.29 1.15 0.18 E1~E18
18 唐红201301-2 1652.24 1.09 0.17 E5，E7，E11，E12，E13，E14
19 唐红201509-12 1558.29 1.05 0.19 E1~E18
20 同红6号 1440.00 0.96 0.22 E5，E8，E10，E11，E12，E13
21 同红7号 1560.45 1.08 0.18 E1，E2，E4，E5，E7，E8，E9
22 苏红17-606 1458.98 0.99 0.20 E1~E18
23 陇红3号 726.35 0.75 0.35 E7，E12，E13，E15，E16，E18
24 贵红2号 815.07 0.82 0.30 E11，E12，E13，E14，E15，E16，E18
25 贵红3号 804.88 0.80 0.32 E7，E11，E12，E13，E14，E15，E16，E18
26 桂红20-9-1 811.19 0.85 0.28 E7，E11，E12，E13，E15，E16，E17，E18
27 桂红20-21-1 1279.59 0.95 0.25 E2，E5，E7，E9，E11，E16，E17，E18
28 冀红352 1553.74 1.00 0.20 E4，E5，E6，E10，E11，E12，E14
), ArticleFig(id=1256536462477111608, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

不同小豆新品种（系）的产量稳定性分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号
Number		 品种（系）
Variety (line)		 产量
Yield (kg/hm2)		 回归系数
βi		 回归残差
δi2		 适应地区
Adaptation region
1 龙11-203 1478.87 1.05 0.22 E1，E2，E3，E4，E9，E14，E16，E17，E18
2 龙11-805 1352.27 0.98 0.18 E1，E2，E4，E6，E7，E9，E15
3 H1016 1253.93 0.92 0.20 E3，E4，E5，E6，E8，E9，E10，E13，E16
4 H1007 1372.48 1.10 0.25 E1，E2，E3，E4，E5，E6，E7，E8，E9，E10，E16
5 182-320 1521.19 1.02 0.15 E1，E2，E3，E4，E5，E6
6 195-609 1649.30 1.08 0.25 E1，E2，E4，E5，E6
7 辽红08704-05 1597.64 1.00 0.20 E1，E2，E3，E4，E5，E6，E9，E10
8 辽红08706-12 1549.87 0.95 0.18 E1，E2，E3，E4，E5，E6，E9
9 赤红3号 1660.52 1.12 0.22 E1，E2，E4，E5，E6，E7，E8，E9
10 品红2020-21-12-8-11 1453.06 0.97 0.20 E2，E5，E7，E10，E11，E12，E14，E15
11 品红2020-4-7-2 1596.75 1.03 0.22 E5，E6，E11，E12，E14，E17
12 品红2019-3-3-1 1599.56 1.02 0.19 E2，E4，E5，E6，E10，E11，E14
13 品红2019-22-14-12 1349.26 0.95 0.25 E5，E6，E7，E8，E10，E11，E13，E14，E15
14 冀红0921反-4-1-3-3-4 1521.31 1.04 0.23 E5，E10，E11，E12，E14，E17
15 冀红1105反-5-4-1-2 1552.94 1.07 0.21 E5，E8，E11，E12，E13，E14，E16，E17，E18
16 保红201432-8 991.59 0.88 0.30 E11，E12，E13，E14，E15，E16，E18
17 保红201429-8 1690.29 1.15 0.18 E1~E18
18 唐红201301-2 1652.24 1.09 0.17 E5，E7，E11，E12，E13，E14
19 唐红201509-12 1558.29 1.05 0.19 E1~E18
20 同红6号 1440.00 0.96 0.22 E5，E8，E10，E11，E12，E13
21 同红7号 1560.45 1.08 0.18 E1，E2，E4，E5，E7，E8，E9
22 苏红17-606 1458.98 0.99 0.20 E1~E18
23 陇红3号 726.35 0.75 0.35 E7，E12，E13，E15，E16，E18
24 贵红2号 815.07 0.82 0.30 E11，E12，E13，E14，E15，E16，E18
25 贵红3号 804.88 0.80 0.32 E7，E11，E12，E13，E14，E15，E16，E18
26 桂红20-9-1 811.19 0.85 0.28 E7，E11，E12，E13，E15，E16，E17，E18
27 桂红20-21-1 1279.59 0.95 0.25 E2，E5，E7，E9，E11，E16，E17，E18
28 冀红352 1553.74 1.00 0.20 E4，E5，E6，E10，E11，E12，E14
), ArticleFig(id=1256536464431657281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=

The top three high-yielding adzuki bean varieties (lines) in each ecological region and test site

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
生态区Ecological zone 编号Number 适宜的品种（系）Suitable variety (line)
北方春播区Northern Spring Sowing Area E1 195-609*，辽红08706-12，182-320
E2 195-609*，辽红08706-12，同红7号
E3 182-320，H1007，辽红08704-05*
E4 195-609*，赤红3号*，龙11-805
E5 赤红3号*，唐红201301-2，品红2020-4-7-2
E6 195-609*，辽红08706-12，赤红3号*
E7 赤红3号*，同红7号，品红2020-4-7-2
E8 同红6号，H1016（吉红15号），同红7号
E9 辽红08704-05*，赤红3号*，龙11-203
E10 同红6号，冀红0921反-4-1-3-3-4，品红2019-22-14-12
北方夏播区Northern Summer Sowing Area E11 唐红201301-2*，品红2020-21-12-8-11，冀红1105反-5-4-1-2*
E12 冀红0921反-4-1-3-3-4，冀红1105反-5-4-1-2*，品红2020-21-12-8-11
E13 冀红1105反-5-4-1-2*，唐红201301-2*，唐红201509-12
E14 品红2020-4-7-2*，品红2019-3-3-1，唐红201301-2*
南方区South Region E15 品红2020-21-12-8-11，品红2020-4-7-2，苏红17-606
E16 龙11-203*，陇红3号，贵红2号
E17 冀红0921反-4-1-3-3-4，保红201429-8*，冀红1105反-5-4-1-2*
E18 龙11-203*，陇红3号，贵红3号
), ArticleFig(id=1256536464909807947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1256314692575182859, articleId=1256536360480027077, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

各生态区及试验点产量排名前3位的小豆品种（系）

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
生态区Ecological zone 编号Number 适宜的品种（系）Suitable variety (line)
北方春播区Northern Spring Sowing Area E1 195-609*，辽红08706-12，182-320
E2 195-609*，辽红08706-12，同红7号
E3 182-320，H1007，辽红08704-05*
E4 195-609*，赤红3号*，龙11-805
E5 赤红3号*，唐红201301-2，品红2020-4-7-2
E6 195-609*，辽红08706-12，赤红3号*
E7 赤红3号*，同红7号，品红2020-4-7-2
E8 同红6号，H1016（吉红15号），同红7号
E9 辽红08704-05*，赤红3号*，龙11-203
E10 同红6号，冀红0921反-4-1-3-3-4，品红2019-22-14-12
北方夏播区Northern Summer Sowing Area E11 唐红201301-2*，品红2020-21-12-8-11，冀红1105反-5-4-1-2*
E12 冀红0921反-4-1-3-3-4，冀红1105反-5-4-1-2*，品红2020-21-12-8-11
E13 冀红1105反-5-4-1-2*，唐红201301-2*，唐红201509-12
E14 品红2020-4-7-2*，品红2019-3-3-1，唐红201301-2*
南方区South Region E15 品红2020-21-12-8-11，品红2020-4-7-2，苏红17-606
E16 龙11-203*，陇红3号，贵红2号
E17 冀红0921反-4-1-3-3-4，保红201429-8*，冀红1105反-5-4-1-2*
E18 龙11-203*，陇红3号，贵红3号
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小豆新品种（系）多点联合鉴定及产量与生态适应性评价
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胡亮亮 , 曹榕 , 陈天晓 , 宋倩楠 , 王素华 , 程须珍 , 王丽侠 , 陈红霖
作物杂志 | 遗传育种·种质资源·生物技术 2026,42(2): 74-81
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作物杂志 | 遗传育种·种质资源·生物技术 2026, 42(2): 74-81
小豆新品种（系）多点联合鉴定及产量与生态适应性评价
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胡亮亮 , 曹榕, 陈天晓, 宋倩楠, 王素华, 程须珍, 王丽侠, 陈红霖
作者信息
  • 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/中国农业科学院东北亚农业科技创新中心， 100081， 北京

    • 胡亮亮，主要从事食用豆类种质资源创新与利用研究，E-mail：

通讯作者:

陈红霖，研究方向为食用豆类种质资源，E-mail：
Multi-Location Evaluation of Yield and Ecological Adaptability for New Adzuki Bean Varieties (Lines)
Liangliang Hu , Rong Cao, Tianxiao Chen, Qiannan Song, Suhua Wang, Xuzhen Cheng, Lixia Wang, Honglin Chen
Affiliations
  • Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Northeast Asia Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Center, Beijing 100081, China
出版时间: 2026-04-15 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.02.009
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摘要
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为筛选适宜不同区域种植的优良小豆品种，于2022-2023年在全国范围内18个试验点对27个小豆新品种（系）开展多环境联合鉴定，系统分析不同生态区间小豆品种（系）的主要农艺性状变异及产量。结果表明，不同试点和生态区间的小豆新品种（系）农艺性状和产量均存在显著差异，其中主茎分枝数、株高和单株荚数等性状的环境互作效应较强（变异系数>30.0%），而生育期、荚长和百粒重等性状遗传稳定性较高（变异系数<15.0%）。保红201429-8、赤红3号和唐红201301-2等9个品种较对照平均增产0.29%~8.79%。保红201429-8和唐红201509-12兼具高产性与广适性。

小豆  /  新品种（系）  /  多环境评价  /  农艺性状  /  生态适应性

To identify superior adzuki bean varieties suitable for planting in different regions, a multi- environment evaluation of 27 new adzuki bean varieties (lines) was conducted at 18 test sites nationwide from 2022 to 2023, to systematically analyzed the variations in main agronomic traits and yields of these varieties (lines) across different ecological zones. The results showed that there were significant differences in the agronomic traits and yields of the new adzuki bean varieties (lines) across different test sites and ecological zones. Traits such as the number of main stem branches, plant height, and number of pods per plant had strong environmental interaction effects (coefficient of variation >30%), while traits like growth period, pod length, and 100-grain weight showed higher genetic stability (coefficient of variation <15%). Nine varieties, including Baohong 201429-8, Chihong 3 and Tanghong 201301-2, showed yield increases of 0.29%-8.79% compared with the control. Baohong 201429-8 and Tanghong 201509-12 exhibited both high yield and broad adaptability.

Adzuki bean  /  New varieties (lines)  /  Multi-environment evaluation  /  Agronomic traits  /  Ecological adaptability
胡亮亮, 曹榕, 陈天晓, 宋倩楠, 王素华, 程须珍, 王丽侠, 陈红霖. 小豆新品种（系）多点联合鉴定及产量与生态适应性评价. 作物杂志, 2026 , 42 (2) : 74 -81 . DOI: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.02.009
Liangliang Hu, Rong Cao, Tianxiao Chen, Qiannan Song, Suhua Wang, Xuzhen Cheng, Lixia Wang, Honglin Chen. Multi-Location Evaluation of Yield and Ecological Adaptability for New Adzuki Bean Varieties (Lines)[J]. Crops, 2026 , 42 (2) : 74 -81 . DOI: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.02.009
正文
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小豆[Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi]起源于我国，是我国传统药食同源作物，在我国已有2000余年栽培历史[1]，现广泛分布于东北、华北和西北等地区[2-3]。小豆富含优质蛋白质（20%~ 25%）及人体必需的8种氨基酸[4]，并含有丰富的铁、钙等矿质元素以及萜类和黄酮类等生物活性物质[5-7]。此外，小豆还具有抗氧化、调节血糖、抗高血压和改善肠道健康等多种生理功效[8-9]，是功能性食品开发的理想原料。小豆在我国具有重要的经济价值。然而，相较于其他主要粮食作物，我国小豆生产面临单产水平较低、品种生态适应性不足等瓶颈问题。近年来，我国小豆育种研究在改良高产、广适、抗病及耐逆等性状方面取得了显著进展，并培育出了一批优良新品种，如高产品种中红6号[10]、大粒品种辽红小豆8号[11]、抗旱耐贫瘠品种晋小豆7号[12]、抗叶斑病和霜霉病品种吉红8号[13]和稳产广适品种冀红17号[14]等。然而，由于基因型（G）与环境互作（E）效应的影响，现有小豆品种在跨生态区种植时普遍表现出产量波动较大和稳定性较差等问题。因此，亟需通过联合鉴定筛选出适宜不同区域种植的新品种。
联合鉴定试验可以解析基因型与环境互作（G×E）效应，是筛选特定生态适应性品种的关键手段[15]。该试验方法能够有效揭示G×E规律，进而指导育种家在特定环境下选育表现最优的品种。通过多点多年的田间试验，可以全面评价作物新品种的稳定性和适应性，筛选出适宜推广的优良品种，进而提高作物的生产效率和品质。近年来，联合鉴定试验已在小麦[16]、水稻[17]和玉米[18]等作物育种中广泛应用，并取得了显著成效。与传统单点试验相比，联合鉴定方法能更准确地识别广适性基因型，从而降低品种推广风险[17]。但目前针对小豆的系统性联合鉴定研究仍较缺乏，尤其缺乏覆盖全国主产区的品种适应性数据。
为了系统评价小豆新品种（系）的农艺性状、生态适应性和产量表现，筛选出适宜不同生态区种植的优良品种，本研究汇集了全国18个试验点27个参试品种（系）的联合鉴定试验数据。试验点涵盖了我国主要小豆种植区域，具有较强的区域代表性。通过对上述试验数据进行了系统分析，旨在评估小豆新品种（系）在不同生态区域的表现差异，遴选出适宜各区域推广的优良品种，为未来小豆育种工作提供理论参考。研究结果将为小豆品种的区域化推广应用提供科学依据，对提高我国小豆产业生产水平和可持续发展具有重要意义。
1 材料与方法
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1.1 试验材料
本试验采用27个小豆新品种（系）作为参试材料（表1），材料来源于全国14家育种单位。以冀红352作为对照品种（CK），来源于河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所。
1.2 试验设计
多点联合鉴定试验于2022-2023年在北京、黑龙江齐齐哈尔和江苏南京等18个试验点进行。根据各试验点地理位置和气候条件的差异，将18个试验点划分为3个生态区（表2）。试验地选择地势平坦、茬口一致、肥力中等偏上且具备灌溉条件的地块。不同生态区域播种期有所差异，北方春播区播期为5月10-25日，北方夏播区为6月15-25日，南方区则根据前茬作物收获时间确定播期。试验采用随机区组设计，设3次重复。小区面积10 m2（种植4行，行长5.0 m，行距0.5 m），播深3~4 cm，播深力求一致、均匀，覆土后进行镇压。成熟期按小区进行收获、脱粒和晾晒。
1.3 测定项目与方法
于小豆生长季，定期观测并记录主要农艺性状，包括生育期（从播种至成熟的天数）、株高（从地面至主茎顶端的高度）和主茎分枝数等。收获后，测定单株荚数、百粒重和单荚粒数等产量相关指标。于成熟期每小区随机选取5株测定株高和主茎节数，取平均值；荚长为每小区随机选取5个豆荚测定平均长度，所有农艺性状的测定均参照《小豆种质资源描述规范与数据标准》[19]执行。采用小区实收法测定产量。成熟后，按小区收获、脱粒、晾晒至水分含量12%~14%后，折算为单位面积产量。
1.4 数据处理
采用方差分析（ANOVA）评估不同试验点和生态区小豆新品种（系）的农艺性状与产量表现的差异显著性，基于R统计分析软件（v4.3.1）进行数据分析。采用Eberhart和Russell联合回归模型[20]评估品种稳定性，该方法基于线性模型分析品种产量对环境变化的响应，即产量Yij是环境效应Ij的线性函数，具体公式如下：Yij = μi+βiIj+δij，式中，Yij是第i个品种在第j个环境中的产量；μi是第i个品种的平均产量；βi是第i个品种的回归系数，表示该品种对环境变化的响应程度；Ij是第j个环境的平均效应；δij是回归残差，表示未解释的随机变异。
2 结果与分析
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2.1 不同试点间小豆新品种（系）农艺性状变异
方差分析表明，小豆新品种（系）农艺性状在全国18个试验点间存在明显的区域异质性（表3），其中主茎分枝数、株高及单株荚数受环境互作效应较强，变异系数较大。主茎节数次之，单荚粒数、百粒重、荚长及生育期变异系数相对较小。各试验点间，生育期的平均值变幅为71.9~121.1 d；平均株高在黑龙江哈尔滨最高，在广西南宁最低；主茎节数均值变幅为7.2~19.9；单株荚数最多的为南宁，最少的为齐齐哈尔；单荚粒数平均值变幅为5.1~10.7；百粒重均值变幅为9.1~16.7 g。以上结果表明各性状受环境影响程度各异，主茎分枝数、株高和单株荚数等性状受环境影响较大。
2.2 不同生态区间小豆新品种（系）的性状变异
不同生态区间小豆新品种（系）各性状差异显著（图1）。北方春播区平均生育期最长，极显著高于北方夏播区和南方区；株高亦为北方春播区最高，北方夏播区次之，南方区最低；北方夏播区主茎节数最多，北方春播区次之，南方区最少；主茎分枝数南方区最低，极显著低于北方春播区和北方夏播区，北方春播区和北方夏播区无显著差异；单株荚数北方夏播区最高，极显著高于北方春播区和南方区；荚长和单荚粒数均为北方春播区极显著高于其余2个区，北方夏播区和南方区无显著差异；百粒重在3个生态区间无显著差异。上述性状差异可能与生态区气候条件及土壤肥力相关。生态区间气候、土壤及水分条件的差异显著影响小豆生长、发育与产量。随纬度递增，小豆生育期、株高、主茎分枝数和单株荚数等性状呈增大趋势，而百粒重受环境因素影响较小。
2.3 不同小豆新品种（系）产量分析
18个试验点产量结果（表4）显示，保红201429-8、赤红3号、唐红201301-2、195-609、品红2019-3-3-1、辽红08704-05、品红2020-4-7-2、同红7号和唐红201509-12平均产量高于CK，增产0.29%~8.79%。保红201429-8平均产量最高，达1690.29 kg/hm2，赤红3号和唐红201301-2次之，分别为1660.52和1652.24 kg/hm2。
小豆为短日照作物，光温反应较敏感，跨纬度引种显著影响其生长习性、生育期及产量[14]。本研究结果（图2）表明，北方春播区品种引种至北方夏播区和南方区，平均产量无显著变化；北方夏播区品种引至北方春播区和南方区，产量较原产区极显著降低；南方区品种引至北方春播区，产量极显著降低，引至北方夏播区，产量无显著变化。
2.4 不同小豆新品种（系）品种稳定性和适应性分析
高产与稳产是品种推广的基本要求。为了进一步评估小豆新品种（系）的稳定性和适应性，本研究采用了Eberhart和Russell的稳定性分析方法。结果（表5）显示，保红201429-8和唐红201509-12产量高于冀红352，且环境回归系数接近于1，回归残差小，表明其对环境变化的响应稳定，适宜多点种植，具有高产广适特性。其中，保红201429-8在北方春播区和南方区表现突出，唐红201509-12则在北方夏播区表现最佳。赤红3号、195-609、辽红08704-05和同红7号在18个试验点的平均产量虽高于CK，但稳产性欠佳，适宜在北方春播区种植。唐红201301-2、品红2019-3-3-1和品红2020-4-7-2适宜在北方春播区和北方夏播区种植。苏红17-606产量变异系数低，稳产性良好，但产量低于CK。
2.5 不同区域适宜品种（系）的筛选
综合不同生态区间及试验点产量表现（表6），筛选出适宜各区域种植的优良品种（系）。结果表明，赤红3号、195-609和辽红08704-05等适宜北方春播区；唐红201301-2、品红2020-4-7-2、品红2019-3-3-1和冀红1105反-5-4-1-2等适宜北方夏播区；保红201429-8、冀红1105反-5-4-1-2和龙11-203等适宜南方区。此外，鉴于产量性状易受环境影响，建议各试验点因地制宜选择品种（系）。
3 讨论
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3.1 不同生态环境对小豆新品种（系）农艺性状的影响
农艺性状大多是由微效多基因控制的数量性状，易受环境因素及基因型与环境互作效应影响[16-18,21-23]。本研究表明27个参试品种（系）各农艺性状在不同试验点存在差异。不同性状对环境的敏感性各异，主茎分枝数、株高和单株荚数等性状变异系数较大；而生育期、荚长和百粒重等性状变异系数相对较小，与前人[24-25]研究结果一致。试点间土壤、气候及管理的差异导致株高、主茎分枝数和单株荚数显著变异。如哈尔滨和辽宁沈阳等试验点土壤肥沃，生育期雨水充足，部分品种株高和分枝数显著高于其他试验点。重庆试验点生育期内雨水和气温适宜，百粒重表现突出。
小豆短日照特性使其生育期与光温条件高度耦合，跨生态区种植易导致生育期失调和产量波动。北方春播区品种南移后生育期缩短，南方品种北移则无法正常成熟。除遗传因素外，地理纬度、日照时数及温度、播期等亦对其生育期产生重要影响[26]。本研究发现，北方春播区生育期长于北方夏播区和南方区，与纬度呈正相关，与日照时数呈正相关。如保红201429-8由哈尔滨引至广西南宁，生育期缩短；南方品种北移，生育期延长甚至无法成熟，如陇红3号等南方品种在哈尔滨等地无法正常结荚，与前人[27-28]研究结果一致。本研究结果表明，生育期受光温强烈调控，符合小豆短日照特性。
3.2 不同生态环境下小豆新品种（系）的产量差异
品种鉴定易受多种因素影响。本研究通过多点试验和综合分析，筛选出了9个产量优势小豆新品种（系），较对照冀红352平均增产0.29%~8.79%。其中，保红201429-8、赤红3号和唐红201301-2产量位列前三。研究[29-31]表明，环境因素及基因与环境互作对作物产量的影响大于基因本身。本研究亦发现，不同生态区小豆新品种（系）产量差异显著。北方夏播区和南方区品种引至北方春播区，产量极显著降低，或因低纬度品种北移后晚熟甚至不能成熟所致。小豆选育应以丰产性为首要目标，兼顾稳产性与生态适应性[32-33]。保红201429-8和唐红201509-12在各试验点均表现优良，兼具高产广适等特性，具有推广价值。
鉴于小豆产量易受环境影响，未来宜扩大试验区域，如增加西北旱作区和东南沿海试验点，并增加试验年份、统一科学管理等，以全面评估新品种（系）的适应性。小豆育种目标亦应多元化，在追求丰产和稳产的基础上，顺应产业发展及市场需求，注重提高小豆品质、抗逆性及商品性，培育早熟、大粒、耐逆、抗病、结荚集中和宜机械化收获等优良性状的小豆品种。此外，未来研究应加强小豆分子标记辅助育种研究，探索抗病性和品质改良的分子机制，尤其针对小豆疫霉病、锈病、花叶病毒病和根腐病等主要病害，利用全基因组关联分析（GWAS）技术定位抗性基因，开发分子标记辅助抗病育种。并借助基因编辑和全基因组选择等现代育种技术，加速优良性状聚合与品种进程，全面提升小豆品种综合性状。
4 结论
收起
基于2年全国多环境联合鉴定，本研究系统解析了27个小豆新品种（系）的多环境变异，筛选出高产广适性品种保红201429-8和唐红201509- 12。同时明确适宜北方春播区（赤红3号等）、北方夏播区（唐红201301-2等）、南方区（冀红1105反-5-4-1-2等）种植的优良品种（系）。
基金
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  • 国家食用豆产业技术体系(CARS-08)
文献
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2026年第42卷第2期
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doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2026.02.009
  • 接收时间：2025-01-26
  • 首发时间：2026-04-30
  • 出版时间：2026-04-15
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  • 收稿日期：2025-01-26
  • 修回日期：2025-03-10
基金
国家食用豆产业技术体系(CARS-08)
作者信息
    中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/中国农业科学院东北亚农业科技创新中心， 100081， 北京

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陈红霖，研究方向为食用豆类种质资源，E-mail：
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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